Department of Meat Science, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-550, Szczecin, 4 Kazimierza Królewicza Street, Poland.
Department of Meat Science, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-550, Szczecin, 4 Kazimierza Królewicza Street, Poland.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2021 May;151:112146. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112146. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
Sustainable freshwater aquaculture has been recently gaining attention owing to the potential of nourishing the world. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of finishing diets on the activity of 21 genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism and intestinal homeostasis, liver and intestine histology, and the level of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids in common carp fillets. We compared two experimental diets: control diet mimicking a commercial feed (CTRL) and a test diet (CB) fortified with EPA and DHA retrieved from salmon by-products. An additional control (eCTRL) from extensively cultured carps was investigated. The study revealed that the expression of seven hepatic genes, e.g., lipoprotein lipase and fatty acid synthase, and six intestinal genes e.g., claudin-3c and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, was influenced specifically by the experimental diets and farming type. Fish from the eCTRL group had the smallest hepatocytes and the largest nuclei compared with CTRL and CB. No pathological signs were found in intestine samples. Additionally, the levels of EPA and DHA in fillets were significantly higher in fish receiving CB compared with CTRL and eCTRL. The use of fortified diets is a promising solution to produce freshwater species with enhanced nutritional value without compromising the safety of fillets.
可持续的淡水水产养殖最近受到了关注，因为它有潜力养活全世界。本研究旨在评估育肥饲料对 21 种与肝脏脂质代谢和肠道稳态、肝脏和肠道组织学以及大西洋鲑鱼副产物中提取的二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）在鲤鱼鱼片水平的影响。我们比较了两种实验饲料：模拟商业饲料的对照饲料（CTRL）和添加 EPA 和 DHA 的测试饲料（CB）。还研究了来自广泛养殖鲤鱼的额外对照饲料（eCTRL）。研究表明，七种肝脏基因的表达，如脂蛋白脂肪酶和脂肪酸合酶，以及六种肠道基因，如 Claudin-3c 和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶，受到实验饲料和养殖方式的特定影响。与 CTRL 和 CB 相比，eCTRL 组的鱼肝细胞最小，细胞核最大。在肠道样本中未发现病理迹象。此外，与 CTRL 和 eCTRL 相比，接受 CB 喂养的鱼的鱼片 EPA 和 DHA 水平明显更高。使用强化饲料是生产具有更高营养价值的淡水鱼类的一种有前途的方法，而不会影响鱼片的安全性。
