Singh Mahak, Mollier R T, Rajkhowa D J, Kandpal B K
Animal Reproduction and Gynaecology, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India.
ICAR-ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Mar 26;53(2):228. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02681-8.
Productivity of traditional backyard poultry in developing countries can be enhanced by introduction of improved germplasm of backyard chicken which is adaptable to diverse ago-climatic condition. The growth and reproductive performance of parents of improved backyard chicken (Vanaraja and Srinidhi) were evaluated under intensive production system in humid sub-tropical region of North East India. We also evaluated the growth performance and mortality in terminal crosses of above parents until 6 weeks of age. At day 0 and at 25 weeks of age, body weight of Srinidhi male parent was significantly (P<0.05) higher than Vanaraja male parent. During brooding stage, mortality was 15.7% in Srinidhi male parent, 14.5% in Vanaraja male parent, 13.9% in Srinidhi female parent, and 8% in Vanaraja female parent. Hen-day egg production (HDEP) of Vanaraja female parent varied from 0.2 at 25 weeks to 54.9% at 54th weeks of age. In Srinidhi female parent, HDEP reached 60% at 35 weeks and peaked 63.9% at 39 weeks of age. Srinidhi female parent has significantly (P<0.05) lower age at first lay. Average annual egg production was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Srinidhi female parent (202 eggs vs. 137 eggs). Egg weight at 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 week of age was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Vanaraja female parent. Egg shape index and yolk index at 40 weeks of age were significantly (P<0.05) higher in Srinidhi female parent. Fertility of Vanaraja female parent was significantly (P<0.05) lower in winter. In case of Srinidhi female parent, fertility was significantly higher (P<0.05) in winter as compared to summer. In case of terminal crosses, body weight at 6 weeks of age was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Vanaraja as compared to Srinidhi. Cumulative mortality during brooding phase was 9.2 per cent in Vanaraja and 9.6 per cent in Srinidhi. In conclusion, parents of Vanaraja and Srinidhi are suitable and well-adapted birds in humid sub-tropical condition of North East India. These birds could be introduced in the region on large scale for up-scaling of traditional backyard poultry.
通过引入适应不同农业气候条件的改良型后院鸡种质资源，可以提高发展中国家传统后院家禽的生产力。在印度东北部湿润亚热带地区的集约化生产系统下，对改良型后院鸡（Vanaraja和Srinidhi）亲本的生长和繁殖性能进行了评估。我们还评估了上述亲本终端杂交后代至6周龄的生长性能和死亡率。在0日龄和25周龄时，Srinidhi雄性亲本的体重显著高于Vanaraja雄性亲本（P<0.05）。育雏阶段，Srinidhi雄性亲本的死亡率为15.7%，Vanaraja雄性亲本为14.5%，Srinidhi雌性亲本为13.9%，Vanaraja雌性亲本为8%。Vanaraja雌性亲本的母鸡日产蛋量（HDEP）从25周龄时的0.2%变化到54周龄时的54.9%。在Srinidhi雌性亲本中，HDEP在35周龄时达到60%，在39周龄时达到峰值63.9%。Srinidhi雌性亲本的开产年龄显著更低（P<0.05）。Srinidhi雌性亲本的年均产蛋量显著更高（P<0.05）（202枚蛋对137枚蛋）。Vanaraja雌性亲本在25、30、35、40、45和50周龄时的蛋重显著更高（P<0.05）。Srinidhi雌性亲本在40周龄时的蛋形指数和蛋黄指数显著更高（P<0.05）。Vanaraja雌性亲本在冬季的受精率显著更低（P<0.05）。对于Srinidhi雌性亲本，与夏季相比，冬季的受精率显著更高（P<0.05）。在终端杂交后代中，Vanaraja在6周龄时的体重显著高于Srinidhi（P<0.05）。育雏阶段Vanaraja的累计死亡率为9.2%，Srinidhi为9.6%。总之，Vanaraja和Srinidhi的亲本是适合印度东北部湿润亚热带条件且适应性良好的家禽。这些家禽可在该地区大规模引入，以扩大传统后院家禽养殖规模。
