Winkelmann Andreas
Institute of Anatomy, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Fehrbelliner Str. 38, D-16816 Neuruppin, Germany; Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Fehrbelliner Str. 38, D-16816 Neuruppin, Germany.
Ann Anat. 2021 Sep;237:151720. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151720. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
Berlin anatomist Hermann Stieve (1886-1952) had access to many bodies of execution victims during the period of National Socialism and used tissues from these bodies to conduct histological research. Estate material of his eldest son, who died in 2012, included histological specimens related to this research, some of them carrying inscriptions with names. This historical investigation tried to identify the individuals behind these names and their fate.
Information was sought in several archives, the data collection of the Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand (German Resistance Memorial Center), Stieve's own publications, and in other estate material.
Thirty-six of the hundreds of histological slides from the estate carried a total of 20 personal names. Fifteen of these could be unequivocally related to individual historical persons, twelve women and three men, all of them executed at Berlin Plötzensee prison between 1937 and 1945. As detailed as the archival sources allowed, the fate of these individuals was reconstructed. They include men and women convicted of alleged political resistance activities, but also of just stealing cigarettes or speaking bad of Hitler. They were all victims of a murderous justice system, and their fate demonstrates the involvement of the anatomist in this system.
The histological slides from Stieve's estate were buried on the Dorotheenstädtischer Friedhof in central Berlin on 13 May 2019. For most execution victims, this place now is the only known burial site of their mortal remains, as they were denied a grave at the time.
柏林解剖学家赫尔曼·施蒂夫（1886 - 1952）在纳粹时期能够获取许多处决受害者的尸体，并利用这些尸体的组织进行组织学研究。他长子于2012年去世，其遗物中包含与这项研究相关的组织学标本，其中一些带有名字的铭文。这项历史调查试图查明这些名字背后的个人及其命运。
在多个档案馆、德国抵抗运动纪念馆的数据收集处、施蒂夫自己的出版物以及其他遗物中寻找信息。
遗物中的数百张组织学切片中有36张总共带有20个个人名字。其中15个名字可以明确与具体的历史人物相关，12名女性和3名男性，他们均于1937年至1945年间在柏林普勒茨ensee监狱被处决。在档案资料允许的范围内，尽可能详细地重构了这些人的命运。他们中包括被判定参与所谓政治抵抗活动的男女，也有仅仅因偷香烟或诋毁希特勒而被定罪的人。他们都是一个杀人司法系统的受害者，他们的命运表明这位解剖学家参与了这个系统。
施蒂夫遗物中的组织学切片于2019年5月13日被安葬在柏林市中心的多罗特恩施塔特公墓。对于大多数处决受害者来说，这个地方现在是他们遗体唯一已知的埋葬地点，因为当时他们被剥夺了坟墓。
