Abou-El-Naga Iman Fathy, El-Temsahy Mona Mohamed, Mogahed Nermine Mogahed Fawzy Hussein, Sheta Eman, Makled Shaimaa, Ibrahim Eman Ibrahim
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Acta Trop. 2021 Jun;218:105891. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105891. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
Due to the high prevalence of schistosomiasis and the wide use of praziquantel solely for mass drug administration to control the disease, there is a great concern about the potential emergence of reduced susceptibility strains. This, together with the concern that praziquantel is ineffective against juvenile worms highlight the importance of developing an alternative anti-schistosomal drug. Using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs against schistosome infection is considerable. The present study evaluated the effect of oral administration of five days celecoxib regimen (20 mg/kg/day) against different developmental stages of Schistosoma mansoni infection. This regimen induced significant reduction in worm burden, tissue egg count, individual female fecundity and the mean percentage of immature and mature eggs with increased mean percentage of dead eggs. More importantly, celecoxib was more potent than praziquantel in all these parasitological parameters (except in the worm burden when given against the adult stage where the difference was statistically non-significant). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of the adult worms revealed severe tegumental damage, laceration of the muscular layers and oedema of the syncytial layer. There was disruption of the testicular, ovarian and vitelline glandular tissues with signs of apoptosis and abnormalities of the spermatozoa and the oocytes. Additionally, celecoxib induced reduction in the number and the size of the hepatic granulomata and also amelioration of the hepatic tissue pathology.
由于血吸虫病的高流行率以及仅将吡喹酮广泛用于大规模药物管理以控制该疾病，人们对可能出现敏感性降低的菌株极为关注。这一点，再加上对吡喹酮对幼虫无效的担忧，凸显了开发替代抗血吸虫药物的重要性。使用非甾体抗炎药来对抗血吸虫感染具有重要意义。本研究评估了口服塞来昔布五天方案（20毫克/千克/天）对曼氏血吸虫感染不同发育阶段的影响。该方案使虫负荷、组织虫卵计数、单个雌虫繁殖力以及未成熟和成熟虫卵的平均百分比显著降低，同时死虫卵的平均百分比增加。更重要的是，在所有这些寄生虫学参数方面（除了在针对成虫阶段给药时的虫负荷，此时差异无统计学意义），塞来昔布比吡喹酮更有效。对成虫进行扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜检查显示，虫体表膜严重受损、肌肉层撕裂以及合体层水肿。睾丸、卵巢和卵黄腺组织出现破坏，伴有凋亡迹象以及精子和卵母细胞异常。此外，塞来昔布使肝肉芽肿的数量和大小减少，同时改善了肝组织病理学状况。
