Wageningen Marine Research, Ankerpark 27, 1781 AG Den Helder, the Netherlands.
Wageningen Marine Research, Ankerpark 27, 1781 AG Den Helder, the Netherlands.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 May;166:112246. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112246. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
Monitoring plastic in stomachs of beached northern fulmars for OSPAR's Ecological Quality Objectives (EcoQOs) has been incorporated into the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). This paper aims to provide the appropriate tools to interpret the monitoring results. MSFD requires a data-derived threshold value (Fulmar-TV) representing 'Good Environmental Status'. Such Fulmar-TV was calculated from near-pristine Canadian Arctic data where 10.06% of fulmars exceeded the level of 0.1 g ingested plastic. This Fulmar-TV is almost identical to the earlier OSPAR EcoQO, arbitrarily set at 10%. The MSFD approach was evaluated for 2661 North Sea fulmars in 2002-2018. Between 2014 and 2018, 51% of 393 fulmars exceeded 0.1 g plastic, significantly above the proposed Fulmar-TV. Linear regression of individual ingested plastic mass over the 2009-2018 period indicates a significant decrease. Over the longer term 2002-2018, logistic regression of annual EcoQ% shows a significant decline and predicts compliance with the Fulmar-TV by 2054.
对在海滩上搁浅的北方海雀胃部中的塑料进行监测，以实现 OS-PAR 的生态质量目标 (EcoQO)，这已经被纳入欧洲海洋战略框架指令 (MSFD)。本文旨在提供解释监测结果的适当工具。MSFD 要求一个基于数据的阈值 (Fulmar-TV)，代表“良好的环境状况”。这样的 Fulmar-TV 是根据加拿大北极地区的近乎原始数据计算得出的，其中 10.06%的海雀摄入的塑料量超过了 0.1 克。这个 Fulmar-TV 与早期的 OS-PAR EcoQO 几乎相同，人为设定为 10%。2002-2018 年间，MSFD 方法对 2661 只北海雀进行了评估。在 2014 年至 2018 年期间，393 只海雀中有 51%超过了 0.1 克塑料，明显高于建议的 Fulmar-TV。2009-2018 年期间个体摄入塑料量的线性回归表明，这一数值显著下降。从长期来看，2002-2018 年期间，年度 EcoQ%的逻辑回归显示出显著下降，并预测到 2054 年将符合 Fulmar-TV。
