Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2021 Aug;22(4):659-665. doi: 10.1007/s40368-021-00603-8. Epub 2021 Mar 27.
Oral health of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) is of utmost importance. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and attendance to dental care in Finnish heart-operated CHD patients born in 1997-1999.
The cohort of children born in 1997-1999 was selected using a national register on all heart-operated children in Finland. Gender, general health problems, diagnosis, type of the heart defect (shunting, stenotic and complex defects), and number of operations were available and included in the analyses. Dental records from primary health care were collected from municipalities with their permission. The data comprised of the number of dental examinations and data on caries status (dt, DT, dmft, DMFT) at the age of 7 (grade 1), 11 (grade 5) and 15 (grade 8) years and at the most recent examination. The control group consisted of dental data on patients born in 1997-1999 provided by the City of Oulu, Finland (n = 3356).
Oral patient records of 215/570 children were obtained. The difference between the defect types was statistically significant both for DT (p = 0.046) and DMFT (p = 0.009) at the age of 15 (grade 8). The prevalence of caries did not differ between the study population and the controls. High present and past caries experiences were not associated with higher number of visits to oral health care, especially to oral hygienist, or with oral health promotion. National obligations concerning dental visits were not implemented in all municipalities.
There seems to be a need for oral health promotion and preventive means implemented by oral hygienists among those with CHD.
儿童的口腔健康至关重要。本研究旨在调查芬兰 1997-1999 年出生的先天性心脏病（CHD）心脏手术患儿的龋齿患病率和口腔保健就诊情况。
使用芬兰所有心脏手术患儿的国家登记册，选择 1997-1999 年出生的儿童队列。性别、一般健康问题、诊断、心脏缺陷类型（分流、狭窄和复杂缺陷）和手术次数均可用，并纳入分析。在获得市政府许可的情况下，从初级保健中收集牙科记录。该数据包括牙科检查次数以及在 7 岁（1 年级）、11 岁（5 年级）和 15 岁（8 年级）时的龋齿状况（dt、DT、dmft、DMFT）数据和最近一次检查的数据。对照组由芬兰奥卢市提供的 1997-1999 年出生的患者的牙科数据组成（n=3356）。
获得了 215/570 名儿童的口腔患者记录。在 15 岁（8 年级）时，DT（p=0.046）和 DMFT（p=0.009）的缺陷类型差异具有统计学意义。研究人群与对照组的龋齿患病率没有差异。高的现患和既往患龋情况与接受口腔保健就诊，尤其是接受口腔卫生保健就诊和接受口腔健康促进的次数无关。并非所有市政府都执行了有关牙科就诊的国家义务。
似乎需要由口腔卫生保健员在 CHD 患者中开展口腔健康促进和预防措施。
