Thanaboonnipat Chutimon, Kumjumroon Kamonchanok, Boonkwang Kamonwan, Tangsutthichai Natthacha, Sukserm Wassapon, Choisunirachon Nan
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Vet World. 2021 Feb;14(2):492-498. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.492-498. Epub 2021 Feb 23.
Lumbosacral intervertebral disk disease (IVDD) in cats usually develops concurrent with constipation, spondylosis deformans, and sacralization. However, the prevalence of lumbar IVDD in cats was considered low, and there was less information on the incidence of non-traumatic lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities that may affect large bowel dysfunction. This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the relationship between non-traumatic lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities, both congenital and acquired, and large bowel dysfunction in cats.
Of 3108 cats that were presented to the Diagnostic Imaging Unit, the Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, between March 2016 and February 2018, 1365 cats met the inclusion criteria. All abdominal radiographs were reviewed, and all subsequent data were recorded, including the presence of congenital or acquired lumbosacral lesions, number of lumbar vertebrae, and length of the second, fifth, and last lumbar vertebrae, including the type of lumbar abnormalities. Moreover, radiographic information relating to constipation and megacolon was also collected.
Non-traumatic lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities were observed in 29.74% of cats. The most common congenital lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities were six lumbar vertebrae, sacralization, and lumbarization, whereas most common acquired lumbosacral abnormalities were bone spur, narrowing disk space, spondylosis deformans, and lumbosacral degeneration, respectively. Cats with abnormal lumbosacral vertebrae are prone to have more problems with the large bowel (p=0.0057; odds ratio=1.731). Moreover, congenital and acquired lumbosacral abnormalities were also at risk of large bowel abnormalities (p=0.0069; odds ratio=1.920 and p<0.0001; odds ratio=4.107, respectively).
This study revealed the evidence and distribution of the variation in feline lumbar anatomy and also elucidated that cats with abnormal lumbar vertebral columns were more likely to have problems with distal gastrointestinal tracts than those without.
猫的腰骶椎间盘疾病（IVDD）通常与便秘、脊柱畸形和骶化同时发生。然而，猫腰椎IVDD的患病率被认为较低，关于可能影响大肠功能障碍的非创伤性腰骶椎异常发生率的信息较少。本研究旨在回顾性调查先天性和后天性非创伤性腰骶椎异常与猫大肠功能障碍之间的关系。
在2016年3月至2018年2月期间就诊于朱拉隆功大学兽医学院小动物教学医院诊断影像科的3108只猫中，有1365只猫符合纳入标准。对所有腹部X光片进行了复查，并记录了所有后续数据，包括先天性或后天性腰骶部病变的存在、腰椎数量、第二、第五和最后一个腰椎的长度，以及腰椎异常的类型。此外，还收集了与便秘和巨结肠相关的X光片信息。
29.74%的猫存在非创伤性腰骶椎异常。最常见的先天性腰骶椎异常是六节腰椎、骶化和腰椎化，而最常见的后天性腰骶部异常分别是骨刺、椎间盘间隙变窄、脊柱畸形和腰骶部退变。腰骶椎异常的猫更容易出现大肠问题（p=0.0057；优势比=1.731）。此外，先天性和后天性腰骶部异常也有大肠异常的风险（p=0.0069；优势比=1.920和p<0.0001；优势比=4.107）。
本研究揭示了猫腰椎解剖结构变异的证据和分布情况，也阐明了腰椎柱异常的猫比无异常的猫更易出现远端胃肠道问题。
