Ando Jun, Ueno Yuji, Yasuda Hajime, Ando Miki, Edahiro Yoko, Honda Tadahiro, Takanashi Masashi, Taniguchi Daisuke, Hattori Nobutaka, Komatsu Norio
Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Case Rep Oncol. 2021 Mar 8;14(1):338-342. doi: 10.1159/000512070. eCollection 2021 Jan-Apr.
Radiation-induced myopathy (RIM) is a rare complication occurring years after radiotherapy. RIM basically occurs within the irradiation field, but some cases have been reported to be accommodated by myopathy outside the irradiation field, and the actual extent of RIM is obscure. The presented case also showed decreased MMT scores and abnormal needle electromyography results in the muscles outside the irradiated field, and the patient was initially thought to have RIM both within and outside the irradiated field. However, while systemic postmortem muscle sampling revealed prominent myopathy in line with RIM in the irradiated muscles, only mild myogenic changes that could be explained by other causes such as age-related sarcopenia, radiculopathy, and disuse atrophy were observed in the non-irradiated muscles. The number of biopsy sites in live patients is limited due to the invasive nature of the procedure, but we were privileged to systemically evaluate the extent of myopathy through multiple muscle sampling including muscles both inside and outside of the irradiation field because this was an autopsy case. Through the presented case, we conclude that RIM is a phenomenon most probably limited to the muscles within the irradiated field, and myopathy outside the irradiation is due to other causes.
放射性肌病(RIM)是放疗数年之后出现的一种罕见并发症。RIM基本上发生在照射野内,但有报道称有些病例的病变范围超出了照射野,RIM的实际范围尚不明确。本病例中,照射野外肌肉的徒手肌力测试(MMT)评分降低且针极肌电图结果异常,该患者最初被认为在照射野内外均患有RIM。然而,全身尸检肌肉取样显示,受照射肌肉中存在符合RIM的明显肌病,但在未受照射的肌肉中,仅观察到一些轻度的肌源性改变,这些改变可由年龄相关的肌肉减少症、神经根病和废用性萎缩等其他原因解释。由于活检操作具有侵入性,活体患者的活检部位数量有限,但本病例为尸检病例,因此我们有幸通过对包括照射野内外肌肉在内的多个肌肉进行取样,系统地评估了肌病的范围。通过本病例,我们得出结论,RIM很可能是一种仅限于照射野内肌肉的现象,照射野外的肌病是由其他原因引起的。