Newman Steven A
Neuro-ophthalmology Division, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia.
J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2021 Feb;82(1):7-19. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1722704. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
This article traces the development of orbital surgery and its subsequent modifications. It also points out the importance of defining one's goal before embarking on orbital surgery. Although generally considered part of ophthalmology, surgery on the orbit has been relatively neglected and not routinely practiced. This article reviews the history of development of orbital surgery, both the revolutionary ideas and the evolutionary changes. There are multiple orbital lesions that do not need to be treated with surgery at all. These days chemotherapy, radation therapy, or even immunotherapy may be more appropriate. The most common orbital pathology, that is thyroid orbitopathy, the physician needs to decide whether or not the orbit needs to be decompressed or whether there are problems related to motility that can be dealt with by eye muscle surgery.
本文追溯了眼眶手术的发展历程及其后续的改进。它还指出了在开展眼眶手术之前明确目标的重要性。尽管眼眶手术通常被视为眼科的一部分，但一直相对受到忽视且未常规开展。本文回顾了眼眶手术的发展历史，包括革命性的理念和渐进性的变化。有多种眼眶病变根本无需手术治疗。如今，化疗、放疗甚至免疫疗法可能更为合适。对于最常见的眼眶病理情况，即甲状腺相关性眼病，医生需要决定是否需要进行眼眶减压，或者是否存在可通过眼肌手术处理的眼球运动相关问题。
