School of Rehabilitation Therapy (Dr Fucile and Mss MacFarlane and Sinclair); and Department of Pediatrics (Drs Fucile and Samdup), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Adv Neonatal Care. 2022 Apr 1;22(2):161-169. doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000864. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
Infants who are born preterm are at a high risk of encountering feeding problems.
The aim of this scoping review is to identify risk factors associated with feeding problems that persist beyond infancy in children (aged 1-6 years) who were born preterm (<37 weeks' gestation).
To perform this scoping review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework was applied. To be included in this study, articles had to be published in peer-reviewed journals, had an empirical study design, examined feeding problems relating to the child's feeding ability or refusal to eat certain texture of foods, and assessed risk factors (age, weight, and medical conditions) associated with long-term feeding problems in children who were born preterm.
After abstract and full-text screening, a total of 9 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Findings from this study identified that gestational age and birth weight are significant risk factors and that sex, duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of tube feedings are potential risk factors.
This study confirms that younger and smaller infants are at a high risk of encountering oral feeding difficulties and early interventions services should be focused on these preterm infants.
Evaluation of timing and intensity (dose) of early interventions strategies should be investigated to provide more targeted and effective interventions for younger and smaller preterm infants.
早产儿面临较高的喂养问题风险。
本综述旨在确定与早产儿（<37 周妊娠）儿童（1-6 岁）持续存在的喂养问题相关的风险因素。
为进行本次综述，采用了系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目框架。要纳入本研究，文章必须发表在同行评议的期刊上，采用实证研究设计，检查与儿童喂养能力或拒绝吃特定质地食物相关的喂养问题，并评估与早产儿长期喂养问题相关的风险因素（年龄、体重和医疗状况）。
经过摘要和全文筛选，共有 9 篇符合纳入标准的文章纳入本研究。本研究的结果表明，胎龄和出生体重是显著的风险因素，性别、机械通气时间和管饲时间是潜在的风险因素。
本研究证实，年龄较小和体重较轻的婴儿发生口腔喂养困难的风险较高，早期干预服务应针对这些早产儿。
应研究早期干预策略的时间和强度（剂量）评估，为年龄较小和体重较轻的早产儿提供更有针对性和有效的干预措施。
