Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
J Leukoc Biol. 2021 Nov;110(5):987-998. doi: 10.1002/JLB.3MR0121-277R. Epub 2021 Mar 30.
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an abundant architectural chromosomal protein that has multiple biologic functions: gene transcription, DNA replication, DNA-damage repair, and cell signaling for inflammation. HMGB1 can be released passively by necrotic cells or secreted actively by activated immune cells into the extracellular milieu after injury. Extracellular HMGB1 acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern to initiate the innate inflammatory response to infection and injury by communicating with neighboring cells through binding to specific cell-surface receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Numerous studies have suggested HMGB1 to act as a key protein mediating the pathogenesis of chronic and acute liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Here, we provide a detailed review that focuses on the role of HMGB1 and HMGB1-mediated inflammatory signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of liver diseases.
高迁移率族蛋白 B1（HMGB1）是一种丰富的结构染色体蛋白，具有多种生物学功能：基因转录、DNA 复制、DNA 损伤修复以及炎症的细胞信号转导。HMGB1 可以通过坏死细胞被动释放，也可以在损伤后被激活的免疫细胞主动分泌到细胞外基质中。细胞外 HMGB1 作为一种损伤相关分子模式，通过与细胞表面特定受体（包括 Toll 样受体（TLRs）和晚期糖基化终产物受体（RAGE））结合，与邻近细胞进行通讯，从而启动对感染和损伤的固有炎症反应。大量研究表明，HMGB1 作为一种关键蛋白，介导慢性和急性肝病的发病机制，包括非酒精性脂肪性肝病、肝细胞癌和肝缺血/再灌注损伤。在这里，我们提供了一个详细的综述，重点介绍了 HMGB1 及其介导的炎症信号通路在肝病发病机制中的作用。
