MBBS, FRACP, Endocrinologist, Department of Endocrinology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Qld; Endocrinology Research Fellow, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Qld.
MBBS, FRACP, PhD, Head, Department of Endocrinology, Royal Darwin Hospital, NT; Head, Diabetes across the Lifecourse: Northern Australia Partnership, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, NT.
Aust J Gen Pract. 2021 Apr;50(4):225-230. doi: 10.31128/AJGP-05-20-5432.
The burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its associated complications continues to grow in Australia. In recent years, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have become a key component of diabetes care with rapid uptake into routine clinical practice. There is growing evidence of their clinical efficacy, but also potential adverse effects.
The aim of this article is to review the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in T2D by exploring data surrounding clinical efficacy and safety as well as providing practical advice for prescribing clinicians.
SGLT2 inhibitors have multiple metabolic benefits including reducing glycated haemoglobin, weight and blood pressure. Additionally, there are strong cardiovascular benefits and renoprotective effects in selected populations. Current evidence suggests that SGLT2 inhibitors should be considered for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease and to delay progression of early chronic kidney disease in people with T2D. Clinicians should also be aware of common side effects and potential rare severe complications.
2 型糖尿病（T2D）及其相关并发症的负担在澳大利亚持续增加。近年来，钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白 2（SGLT2）抑制剂已成为糖尿病治疗的重要组成部分，迅速纳入常规临床实践。越来越多的证据表明它们具有临床疗效，但也存在潜在的不良反应。
本文旨在通过探讨 SGLT2 抑制剂在 T2D 中的临床疗效和安全性数据，为临床医生提供实用的处方建议，从而对 SGLT2 抑制剂在 T2D 中的应用进行综述。
SGLT2 抑制剂具有多种代谢益处，包括降低糖化血红蛋白、体重和血压。此外，在某些特定人群中具有很强的心血管益处和肾脏保护作用。目前的证据表明，SGLT2 抑制剂应考虑用于 2 型糖尿病患者的心血管疾病二级预防，并延缓早期慢性肾脏病的进展。临床医生还应注意常见的副作用和潜在的罕见严重并发症。
