Davis Amanda L, McQuillin Samuel D
Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
J Community Psychol. 2022 Jan;50(1):329-347. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22567. Epub 2021 Mar 30.
The preference for and exercise of autonomous decision-making in adolescence is a normative developmental process. Yet, increased autonomy is associated with both risks and benefits. Connection to others through positive relationships, including mentoring relationships, is one context that predicts healthy autonomous decision-making. In other ways, such relationships can interfere or stifle the development of autonomy. In synthesizing the existing scientific literature on autonomy development and autonomy-supportive practices, we propose a framework for considering the role of mentors in supporting autonomy through five domains of influence: role modeling, encouraging, providing access to resources, relationships, and experiences, advocacy, and conversations about behavior change. We provide suggestions for research and practice.
青少年对自主决策的偏好和实践是一个正常的发展过程。然而，自主性的增强既伴随着风险也带来益处。通过积极的人际关系，包括师徒关系与他人建立联系，是预测健康自主决策的一个背景因素。在其他方面，这种关系可能会干扰或抑制自主性的发展。在综合现有的关于自主性发展和自主性支持实践的科学文献时，我们提出了一个框架，通过五个影响领域来考虑导师在支持自主性方面的作用：树立榜样、鼓励、提供资源获取途径、人际关系和经历、倡导以及关于行为改变的对话。我们为研究和实践提供了建议。
