School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2021 Jun;23(6):1194-1204. doi: 10.1111/jch.14248. Epub 2021 Mar 31.
Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy is a disease that occurs during pregnancy. We aimed to analyze the morbidity and maternal and infant outcomes with respect to the hypertensive disorder in pregnancy in China in 2018. Clinical data of 38 590 cases from 161 hospitals were retrospectively collected. The differences in morbidity and maternal and infant mortality among the major regions and provinces were compared. The overall national average morbidity was 4.74%, and the ratios of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, chronic hypertension, and chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia were 29.17%, 55.02%, 0.66%, 6.53%, and 8.62%, respectively. The overall maternal mortality was 0.61/100 000, and the case fatality was 0.13%. Morbidity associated with hypertensive disorder in pregnancy was 7.74% in North China, 6.62% in Northwest China, 6.40% in Central China, 5.83% in Northeast China, 4.28% in East China, 3.85% in South China, and 2.88% in Southwest China. The morbidity in each province was 1.62-11.28%. The overall perinatal mortality was 3.59% (81.09% for stillbirths; 18.91% for neonatal deaths). Perinatal mortality decreased with increasing gestational weeks from 24 to 37 + 6 weeks. Perinatal mortality for delivery at 32 weeks of gestation in all regions of the country was <10%. Morbidity varied across regions in China, with the lowest in Southwest and the highest in North China. The low maternal mortality is related to the large-scale development of standardized maternal health care in China. For severe hypertensive disorder patients, gestation should be prolonged to 32 weeks as often as possible for better neonatal survival rates.
妊娠期高血压疾病是一种发生在妊娠期的疾病。我们旨在分析 2018 年中国妊娠期高血压疾病的发病率和母婴结局。回顾性收集了 161 家医院的 38590 例临床数据。比较了主要地区和省份之间发病率和母婴死亡率的差异。全国平均发病率为 4.74%，其中妊娠期高血压、子痫前期、子痫、慢性高血压和慢性高血压合并子痫前期的比例分别为 29.17%、55.02%、0.66%、6.53%和 8.62%。总的孕产妇死亡率为 0.61/100000，病死率为 0.13%。华北地区妊娠期高血压疾病发病率为 7.74%，西北地区为 6.62%，华中地区为 6.40%，东北地区为 5.83%，华东地区为 4.28%，华南地区为 3.85%，西南地区为 2.88%。各省发病率为 1.62%-11.28%。总的围产儿死亡率为 3.59%（死产占 81.09%；新生儿死亡占 18.91%）。围产儿死亡率随着从 24 周到 37+6 周的胎龄增加而降低。全国各地区 32 周妊娠分娩的围产儿死亡率均<10%。中国各地区的发病率存在差异，西南地区最低，华北地区最高。较低的孕产妇死亡率与中国大规模开展规范化的孕产妇保健有关。对于严重的高血压疾病患者，应尽可能延长妊娠至 32 周，以提高新生儿的生存率。
