Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021 Oct 1;16(10):1516-1521. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0755. Epub 2021 Mar 31.
To investigate the effects of caffeine (CAF) on performance during high- and long-jump competitions.
Using a crossover and double-blind design, 6 well-trained high jumpers and 6 well-trained long jumpers performed a simulation of a high- and long-jump competition 60 minutes after ingesting a capsule containing either 5 mg·kg-1 body mass of anhydrous CAF or a placebo. The high jumps were video recorded for kinematic analysis. The velocity during the approach run of the long jump was also monitored using photocells.
CAF improved jump performance (ie, the highest bar height overlap increased by 5.1% [2.3%], P = .008), as well as enhancing the height displacement of the central body mass (+1.3% [1.7%], P = .004) compared with the placebo. CAF had no ergogenic effect on jump distance (P = .722); however, CAF increased the velocity during the last 10 m of the long jump (P = .019), and the percentage of "foul jumps" was higher than that expected by chance in the CAF group (80.5% [12.5%], χ2 = 13.44, P < .001) but not in the cellulose condition (58.3% [22.9%], χ2 = 1.48, P = .224).
CAF ingestion (5 mg·kg-1 body mass) improves high-jump performance but seems to negatively influence technical aspects during the approach run of the long jump, resulting in no improvement in long-jump performance. Thus, CAF can be useful for jumpers, but the specificity of the jump competition must be taken into account.
研究咖啡因（CAF）对高跳和跳远比赛表现的影响。
采用交叉双盲设计，6 名训练有素的跳高运动员和 6 名训练有素的跳远运动员在摄入含有 5mg·kg-1 无水 CAF 或安慰剂的胶囊 60 分钟后模拟高跳和跳远比赛。使用高速摄像机对跳高进行运动学分析。使用光电管监测跳远助跑过程中的速度。
与安慰剂相比，CAF 提高了跳跃表现（即最高杆高重叠增加了 5.1%[2.3%]，P =.008），还增强了身体重心的高度位移（+1.3%[1.7%]，P =.004）。CAF 对跳远距离没有促进作用（P =.722）；然而，CAF 增加了跳远最后 10 米的速度（P =.019），并且 CAF 组的“犯规跳跃”百分比高于预期的偶然情况（80.5%[12.5%]，χ2 = 13.44，P <.001），但在纤维素条件下则没有（58.3%[22.9%]，χ2 = 1.48，P =.224）。
CAF 摄入（5mg·kg-1 体重）可提高跳高表现，但似乎对跳远助跑过程中的技术方面产生负面影响，导致跳远表现没有提高。因此，CAF 对跳跃运动员可能有用，但必须考虑跳跃比赛的特异性。
