Davies A M, Koenig J S, Thach B T
Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988 Apr;64(4):1412-20. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1988.64.4.1412.
Laryngeal chemoreflex (LCR) responses elicited by fluid irrigation of the larynx have been described repeatedly in animals, whereas evidence for a similar reflex in human infants is extremely limited. Using nasopharyngeal catheters to instill small volumes of warm saline or water into the pharynx, we examined the incidence and characteristics of such a reflex in nine premature infants. Saline and water elicited the same pattern of responses, which frequently included swallows, central apnea, and airway obstruction and less commonly featured coughs, prolonged apnea, and arousal. With the exception of arousal, the incidence of these responses was significantly greater after delivery of water stimuli than after saline bolus administration. We therefore deduce chemoreceptor involvement in generation of these reflex responses and propose a laryngeal site for this sensory system, as in animals. Since greater potency of water compared with saline was demonstrable in all the infants studied, we further conclude that most preterm infants possess an upper airway chemoreflex.
喉部化学反射（LCR）由喉部液体灌洗引发，在动物身上已被反复描述，而人类婴儿中类似反射的证据极为有限。我们使用鼻咽导管向九名早产儿的咽部滴注少量温盐水或水，以此来研究这种反射的发生率和特征。盐水和水引发了相同的反应模式，这些反应常包括吞咽、中枢性呼吸暂停和气道阻塞，较少出现咳嗽、长时间呼吸暂停和觉醒。除觉醒外，水刺激后这些反应的发生率显著高于推注盐水后。因此，我们推断化学感受器参与了这些反射反应的产生，并像在动物中一样，提出该感觉系统的喉部位点。由于在所研究的所有婴儿中都证实水比盐水的作用更强，我们进一步得出结论，大多数早产儿拥有上呼吸道化学反射。
