Hazra Darpanarayan, Jindal Anmol, Fernandes Joanna P, Abhilash Kundavaram Pp
Department of Emergency Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian J Crit Care Med. 2021 Mar;25(3):273-278. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23747.
As a pre-emptive measure against the rampaging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), the Government of India ordered an unprecedented but imperative step of a nationwide lockdown on 22nd March, 2020. The entire month of April 2020 remained in a complete national lockdown. We conducted this retrospective study to compare the spectrum and outcome of trauma victims who presented to our emergency department (ED) from April 2020 (lockdown period) to a similar season matched control arm of April 2018 (non-lockdown period). Our study groups included 403 trauma victims (trauma prevalence: 9.7%) from April 2020 as compared to 667 trauma victims (trauma prevalence: 10.8%) from April 2018 with an absolute decrease of -39.6% during the lockdown month. The intense lockdown resulted in an absolute decrease in the number of road traffic accidents (RTA) (-75.1%), sports-related injuries (-81.8%), bull gore injuries (-64.3%), workplace-related injuries (-50.0%), and fall from height (-3.5%). However, an absolute increase in the number of falls on level ground (FLG) (+95.7%), domestic trauma (+91.4%), and burn (+37.5%) patients were noted during the lockdown period. The proportion of trauma victims under the influence of alcohol, as determined by a positive blood alcohol content, was significantly lower in the lockdown period [adjusted OR: 0.34 (95% CI: 0.17-0.67); -value: 0.002] as were RTAs [adjusted OR: 0.44 (95% CI: 0.31-0.62); -value: <0.001], FLG [adjusted OR: 1.87 (95% CI: 1.14-3.06); -value: 0.0], and head injuries [adjusted OR: 0.21 (95% CI: 0.13-0.3); -value: <0.001]. During the stringent lockdown period of April 2020, there was a significant absolute decrease in the number of trauma victims, especially RTAs. The intense lockdown resulted in a significant decrease in the proportion of trauma victims under the influence of alcohol, head injuries, fractures, and dislocations. Hazra D, Jindal A, Fernandes JP, Abhilash KPP. Impact of the Lockdown due to COVID-19 Pandemic on the Spectrum and Outcome of Trauma in India. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(3): 273-278.
作为针对肆虐的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的一项预防措施，印度政府于2020年3月22日下令采取了一项前所未有的但必要的举措，即全国范围的封锁。2020年4月整月都处于全面的全国封锁状态。我们开展了这项回顾性研究，以比较2020年4月（封锁期）到我们急诊科就诊的创伤患者的谱和结局，与2018年4月（非封锁期）的类似季节匹配对照组。我们的研究组包括2020年4月的403名创伤患者（创伤患病率：9.7%），相比之下2018年4月有667名创伤患者（创伤患病率：10.8%），在封锁月期间绝对下降了-39.6%。严格的封锁导致道路交通事故（RTA）数量绝对减少（-75.1%）、与运动相关的损伤（-81.8%）、公牛刺伤（-64.3%）、与工作场所相关的损伤（-50.0%）以及高处坠落（-3.5%）。然而，在封锁期间发现平地跌倒（FLG）患者数量绝对增加（+95.7%）、家庭创伤患者数量绝对增加（+91.4%）以及烧伤患者数量绝对增加（+37.5%）。根据血液酒精含量阳性确定的受酒精影响的创伤患者比例，在封锁期显著更低[调整后的OR：0.34（95%CI：0.17 - 0.67）；P值：0.002]，道路交通事故也是如此[调整后的OR：0.44（95%CI：0.31 - 0.62）；P值：<0.001]，平地跌倒[调整后的OR：1.87（95%CI：1.14 - 3.06）；P值：0.0]以及头部损伤[调整后的OR：0.21（95%CI：0.13 - 0.3）；P值：<0.001]。在2020年4月的严格封锁期间，创伤患者数量有显著的绝对减少，尤其是道路交通事故。严格的封锁导致受酒精影响的创伤患者、头部损伤、骨折和脱位患者的比例显著下降。哈兹拉D、金达尔A、费尔南德斯JP、阿比拉什KPP。2019冠状病毒病大流行导致的封锁对印度创伤谱和结局的影响。《印度危重症医学杂志》2021年；25（3）：273 - 278。
