Nestor K E, Hemken R W, Harmon R J
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0215.
J Dairy Sci. 1988 Feb;71(2):366-72. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(88)79565-X.
Forty-four first lactation heifers were fed NaCl (23 and 136 g/d) or KHCO3 (0 and 272 g/d) beginning 42 d prepartum and continuing to 10 d postpartum to study the influence of these salts on udder edema and selected blood parameters. Addition of NaCl or KHCO3 singly to the diet significantly increased the severity of udder edema, but the addition of both salts did not increase edema. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein at 42 d prepartum and at 1, 3, and 10 d postpartum. Hematocrit and pH were measured on whole blood and osmolarity on serum samples. Concentrations of protein, Ca, Na, K, and Cl in serum were also determined. Serum total proteins were reduced and serum osmolarity was increased in the cows fed NaCl. Blood pH was elevated in the group receiving KHCO3. Serum K was higher in groups receiving supplemental KHCO3. No differences across dietary treatments were observed in the other parameters. Although addition of NaCl or KHCO3 to the diet increased the severity of udder edema, the exact mechanism causing edema could not be determined.
44头头胎泌乳母牛从产前42天开始至产后10天分别饲喂氯化钠（23克/天和136克/天）或碳酸氢钾（0克/天和272克/天），以研究这些盐对乳房水肿和选定血液参数的影响。在日粮中单独添加氯化钠或碳酸氢钾显著增加了乳房水肿的严重程度，但同时添加两种盐并未增加水肿程度。在产前42天以及产后1天、3天和10天从颈静脉采集血样。测定全血的血细胞比容和pH值以及血清样本的渗透压。还测定了血清中蛋白质、钙、钠、钾和氯的浓度。饲喂氯化钠的母牛血清总蛋白降低，血清渗透压升高。接受碳酸氢钾的组血液pH值升高。接受补充碳酸氢钾的组血清钾含量更高。在其他参数方面未观察到不同日粮处理之间存在差异。虽然在日粮中添加氯化钠或碳酸氢钾会增加乳房水肿的严重程度，但导致水肿的确切机制尚无法确定。
