College of animal science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2021 Jul;105(4):678-686. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13522. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
The effects of copper/zinc-loaded montmorillonite (Cu/Zn-Mt) on growth performance, intestinal barrier and gut microbiota of weaned pigs were investigated in the present study. A total of 108 piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire; 6.36 kg; weaned at 21 ± 1 d age) were used in this experiment. The pigs were randomly assigned to three treatments with six replicates, six pigs in each replicate. The three treatments were as follows: (1) control group: basal diet; (2) Cu/Zn-Mt group: basal diet supplemented with 39 mg/kg Cu and 75 mg/kg Zn as Cu/Zn-Mt; and (3) Cu +Zn +Mt group: basal diet supplemented with the mixture of copper sulphate, zinc sulphate and montmorillonite (equivalent to the copper and zinc in the Cu/Zn-Mt treatment). The results indicated that, compared with the pigs from control group, average daily gain and gain: feed ratio were increased and the faecal score on days 7 and 14 after weaning was decreased by supplementation of Cu/Zn-Mt; intestinal transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and expressions of tight junction protein claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 were increased, and intestinal permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa was decreased by supplementation with Cu/Zn-Mt. According to the Illumina-based sequencing results, Cu/Zn-Mt supplementation increased the relative abundance of core bacteria (Lactococcus, Bacillus) at genus level and decreased the potentially pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus and Pseudomonas) in colon of weaned piglets. However, the piglets fed with the mixture of copper sulphate, zinc sulphate and montmorillonite showed no effects in above parameters in comparison with the pigs from control group. In conclusion, dietary Cu/Zn-Mt could improve growth performance, decrease the diarrhoea and improve intestinal barrier and bacterial communities of weaned pigs. The results indicated that 'loading' of montmorillonite with Zn and Cu changed not only its chemical but also its nutritional properties.
本研究旨在探讨铜锌负载蒙脱石（Cu/Zn-Mt）对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道屏障和肠道微生物群的影响。试验采用 108 头杜洛克×长白×约克夏杂交仔猪（6.36kg，21±1 日龄断奶），随机分为 3 个处理，每个处理 6 个重复，每个重复 6 头仔猪。3 个处理分别为：（1）对照组：基础日粮；（2）Cu/Zn-Mt 组：基础日粮添加 39mg/kg Cu 和 75mg/kg Zn 的 Cu/Zn-Mt；（3）Cu+Zn+Mt 组：基础日粮添加硫酸铜、硫酸锌和蒙脱石的混合物（相当于 Cu/Zn-Mt 处理中的铜和锌）。结果表明，与对照组相比，添加 Cu/Zn-Mt 提高了仔猪的平均日增重和增重/饲料比，降低了断奶后第 7 天和第 14 天的粪便评分；增加了肠道上皮细胞间电阻（TER）和紧密连接蛋白 Claudin-1 和 zonula occludens-1 的表达，降低了肠道通透性荧光素异硫氰酸酯-4kDa 葡聚糖。根据 Illumina 测序结果，添加 Cu/Zn-Mt 增加了核心菌属（乳球菌属、芽孢杆菌属）的相对丰度，降低了断奶仔猪结肠中潜在的病原菌（链球菌属和假单胞菌属）的相对丰度。然而，与对照组相比，添加硫酸铜、硫酸锌和蒙脱石的混合物对上述参数没有影响。综上所述，日粮添加 Cu/Zn-Mt 可以改善断奶仔猪的生长性能，降低腹泻，改善肠道屏障和肠道菌群。结果表明，蒙脱石对 Zn 和 Cu 的“负载”不仅改变了其化学性质，而且改变了其营养特性。
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