Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN.
Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2021 Mar;41:1-9. doi: 10.1200/EDBK_321059.
Advances in the treatment of brain tumors have led to an increase in the number of survivors of this disease. Consequently, the long-term complications associated with past and current treatments are becoming more apparent. Of relevance to patients who receive treatment of brain tumors are the potential neuroendocrine complications that develop either acutely or several years following treatment. Presentation may differ between adults and children (e.g., short stature or adult growth hormone deficiency) but in both settings can complicate treatment and impact quality of life. The risk for the development of these complications depends on the location of the tumor (proximity to the pituitary/hypothalamus) and/or the treatment delivered (chemotherapy/surgery/radiation). Given the potential overlap in symptoms attributable to the underlying brain tumor and neuroendocrine dysfunction, a high level of suspicion, appropriate investigation, and administration of treatment may reduce morbidity and mortality for patients with brain tumors experiencing neuroendocrine dysfunction.
脑肿瘤治疗的进展导致了这种疾病幸存者人数的增加。因此，过去和现在的治疗相关的长期并发症变得更加明显。与接受脑肿瘤治疗的患者相关的是潜在的神经内分泌并发症，这些并发症要么在治疗后急性发生，要么在几年后发生。表现可能在成人和儿童之间有所不同（例如，身材矮小或成人生长激素缺乏症），但在两种情况下都可能使治疗复杂化并影响生活质量。这些并发症的发展风险取决于肿瘤的位置（靠近垂体/下丘脑）和/或所提供的治疗（化疗/手术/放疗）。鉴于潜在的脑肿瘤和神经内分泌功能障碍的症状重叠，高度怀疑、适当的检查和治疗的实施可能会降低出现神经内分泌功能障碍的脑肿瘤患者的发病率和死亡率。
