College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang 524025, China.
Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Aug 10;781:146731. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146731. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
Nonylphenol (NP) is considered as one of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environment. Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is the predominant species in China, which is frequently affected by environmental pollutants. However, potential toxicity mechanism of NP in shrimp has not been comprehensively studied. To explore the physiological changes and molecular mechanism involved in NP exposure of shrimp, we analyzed histological alterations, apoptosis and transcriptional responses of L.vannamei subjected to NP. Results indicated that significant changes in the histoarchitecture of the gills were observed after NP exposure for 3, 12 and 48 h. Apoptosis was also detected in a time-dependent manner. Numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained at 3 h, 12 h and 48 h after exposure. On the basis of the expression patterns over the time course, these DEGs were classified into 12 clusters. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of these DEGs was carried out and a dynamic and global view was obtained in shrimp after NP exposure on a transcriptome level. In addition, 15 DEGs involved in immune response, apoptosis, DNA repair, osmoregulation etc. were selected for qRT-PCR validation. The expression patterns of these DEGs kept a well consistent with the high-throughput data at different timepoints, which confirmed the accuracy and reliability of the transcriptome data. All the results demonstrated that NP exposure might lead to impairments of biological functions in gills, alter immune and antioxidant response, compromise DNA repair and anti-apoptosis abilities of shrimp, cause severe histopathological changes and eventually trigger apoptosis. The present study enriched the information on the toxicity mechanism of crustaceans in response to NP exposure.
壬基酚（NP）被认为是环境中持久性有机污染物（POPs）之一。凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）是中国主要的虾类品种，经常受到环境污染物的影响。然而，NP 对虾类的潜在毒性机制尚未得到全面研究。为了探讨虾类暴露于 NP 后的生理变化和分子机制，我们分析了 NP 暴露 3、12 和 48 小时后对凡纳滨对虾的组织学改变、凋亡和转录反应。结果表明，NP 暴露 3、12 和 48 小时后，对虾鳃的组织形态发生了显著变化。凋亡也呈时间依赖性。暴露后 3、12 和 48 小时，获得了大量差异表达基因（DEGs）。根据时间过程中的表达模式，这些 DEGs 被分为 12 个簇。对这些 DEGs 进行了 GO 和 KEGG 富集分析，在转录组水平上获得了虾类暴露于 NP 后的动态和全局视图。此外，选择了 15 个与免疫反应、凋亡、DNA 修复、渗透压调节等相关的 DEGs 进行 qRT-PCR 验证。这些 DEGs 的表达模式在不同时间点与高通量数据保持良好的一致性，这证实了转录组数据的准确性和可靠性。所有结果表明，NP 暴露可能导致虾类鳃生物功能受损，改变免疫和抗氧化反应，损害 DNA 修复和抗凋亡能力，导致严重的组织病理学变化，并最终引发凋亡。本研究丰富了甲壳类动物对 NP 暴露的毒性机制信息。
