Zhang Chenyuan, Yan Ning, Zhu Ge, Chen Fu, Yu Xiyin, Huang Zhaowei, Zhang Yongming, Rittmann Bruce E
Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Geographical Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China; Yangtze Delta Wetland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, PR China.
Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Geographical Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China; Yangtze Delta Wetland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Aug 10;781:146697. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146697. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
Para-nitrophenol (PNP) is often detected in industrial wastewater that is discharged into municipal wastewater treatment plants. Intermittent discharge of PNP into municipal treatment facilities puts their biological process at risk of inhibition, and the risk is especially great for nitrification. In this work, nitrifying biomass was acclimated to PNP. The acclimated biomass retained most of its ammonium-removal activity when it was exposed to PNP at up to 100 mg/L, while the normal (unacclimated) biomass had nearly complete inhibition. PNP was effectively biodegraded by the acclimated biomass, but the normal biomass had minimal PNP biodegradation. After PNP disappeared, the acclimated biomass recovered its ability for NH-N removals within one to two days, but the normal biomass did not fully recovery even after seven days. The acclimated biomass had superior ability to sustain nitrification due to its ability to biodegrade PNP and its selection of nitrifying bacteria more resistant to PNP. The PNP-acclimated community was enriched in genera that could have been active in the biodegradation of PNP, such as Chloroflexi. Although the abundance of well-known nitrifiers, Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira, decreased, Nitrosospira and other genera within the Proetobacteria phylum increased, presumably because they were more resistant to PNP.
对硝基苯酚（PNP）常在排入城市污水处理厂的工业废水中被检测到。PNP间歇排放到城市处理设施中会使其生物处理过程面临抑制风险，对硝化作用的风险尤其大。在这项工作中，硝化生物量被驯化以适应PNP。当暴露于高达100mg/L的PNP时，驯化后的生物量保留了其大部分的铵去除活性，而正常（未驯化）生物量几乎完全受到抑制。驯化后的生物量能有效生物降解PNP，但正常生物量对PNP生物降解能力极小。PNP消失后，驯化后的生物量在一到两天内恢复了其去除NH-N的能力，但正常生物量即使在七天后也没有完全恢复。由于其生物降解PNP的能力以及对PNP更具抗性的硝化细菌的选择，驯化后的生物量具有更强的维持硝化作用的能力。适应PNP的群落中富含可能在PNP生物降解中具有活性的属，如绿弯菌属。尽管著名的硝化菌亚硝化单胞菌属和硝化螺菌属的丰度下降，但变形菌门内的亚硝化螺菌属和其他属增加，可能是因为它们对PNP更具抗性。
