Antimony doped SnOnanowire@C core-shell structure as a high-performance anode material for lithium-ion battery.

SnOis considered as one of the high specific capacity anode materials for Lithium-ion batteries. However, the low electrical conductivity of SnOlimits its applications. This manuscript reports a simple and efficient approach for the synthesis of Sb-doped SnOnanowires (NWs) core and carbon shell structure which effectively enhances the electrical conductivity and electrochemical performance of SnOnanostructures. Sb doping was performed during the vapor-liquid-solid synthesis of SnONWs in a horizontal furnace. Subsequently, carbon nanolayer was coated on the NWs using the DC Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition approach. The carbon-coated shell improves the Solid-Electrolyte Interphase stability and alleviates the volume expansion of the anode electrode during charging and discharging. The Sb-doped SnOcore carbon shell anode showed the superior specific capacity of 585 mAhgafter 100 cycles at the current density of 100 mA g, compared to the pure SnONWs electrode. The cycle stability evaluation revealed that the discharge capacity of pure SnONWs and Sb doped SnONWs electrodes were dropped to 52 and 152 mAh gafter100th cycles. The process of Sb doping and carbon nano shielding of SnOnanostructures is proposed for noticeable improvement of the anode performance for SnObased materials.