Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Monterrey, Mexico.
Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Monterrey, Mexico.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2021;83(5):362-371. doi: 10.1159/000514458. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
Pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus (SS) varies widely among different ethnic groups. Information regarding the prevalence and significance of SS variants among Hispanic groups is limited. This study aims to describe and analyze pneumatization and septation patterns of the SS in a Hispanic population.
A total of 160 paranasal sinus computed tomographies were reviewed by a head and neck-specialized radiologist and 2 otolaryngologists.
The postsellar and sellar types were the most frequent patterns of pneumatization observed, with a prevalence of 52.5 and 40%, respectively. Accessory septations were present in 59.4% of the patients. Septa were inserting over the internal carotid artery (ICA) in 43.8% and over the optic nerve in 17.5% of the population. No significant association (p > 0.05) was observed when comparing the different accessory septation patterns among the types of the SS. The frequency of septa inserting on the ICA was significantly higher in postsellar types (p < 0.001). Pneumatization of the anterior clinoid process, pterygoid processes, and greater wing was present in 20, 17.5, and 45.9% of the sinuses, respectively. Onodi cells were encountered in 40% of the sinuses. There were no significant differences in any of the pneumatization and septation variables when compared by gender and age (p > 0.05).
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Differences regarding anatomical variants and septations of the SS were observed in our study when compared with findings reported in other ethnic groups. Preoperative assessment of the anatomical variants of the SS in Mexican patients is imperative to select the most optimal surgical approach and prevent iatrogenic injuries to related neurovascular structures.
蝶窦（SS）的气化程度在不同种族之间差异很大。关于西班牙裔人群中 SS 变异的流行率和意义的信息有限。本研究旨在描述和分析西班牙裔人群中 SS 的气化和分隔模式。
由一名头颈部专业放射科医生和两名耳鼻喉科医生对 160 例副鼻窦计算机断层扫描进行了回顾。
观察到的最常见的气化模式是蝶鞍后型和蝶鞍型，分别占 52.5%和 40%。59.4%的患者存在副分隔。隔片插入颈内动脉（ICA）的占 43.8%，视神经的占 17.5%。在 SS 类型之间比较不同的副分隔模式时，未观察到显著的相关性（p>0.05）。蝶鞍后型中插入 ICA 的隔片频率明显更高（p<0.001）。前床突、翼突和大翼的气化分别存在于 20%、17.5%和 45.9%的鼻窦中。蝶骨体的气化分别存在于 20%、17.5%和 45.9%的鼻窦中。Onodi 细胞存在于 40%的鼻窦中。在性别和年龄方面，任何气化和分隔变量均无显著差异（p>0.05）。
讨论/结论：与其他种族的研究结果相比，我们的研究观察到 SS 的解剖变异和分隔存在差异。术前评估墨西哥患者 SS 的解剖变异对于选择最佳手术入路和防止与相关神经血管结构的医源性损伤至关重要。
