Mozaffarzadeh Moein, Moore Colman, Golmoghani Erfan Barzegar, Mantri Yash, Hariri Ali, Jorns Alec, Fu Lei, Verweij Martin D, Orooji Mahdi, de Jong Nico, Jokerst Jesse V
Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
These authors contributed equally.
Biomed Opt Express. 2021 Feb 23;12(3):1543-1558. doi: 10.1364/BOE.417345. eCollection 2021 Mar 1.
Simultaneous visualization of the teeth and periodontium is of significant clinical interest for image-based monitoring of periodontal health. We recently reported the application of a dual-modality photoacoustic-ultrasound (PA-US) imaging system for resolving periodontal anatomy and periodontal pocket depths in humans. This work utilized a linear array transducer attached to a stepper motor to generate 3D images via maximum intensity projection. This prior work also used a medical head immobilizer to reduce artifacts during volume rendering caused by motion from the subject (e.g., breathing, minor head movements). However, this solution does not completely eliminate motion artifacts while also complicating the imaging procedure and causing patient discomfort. To address this issue, we report the implementation of an image registration technique to correctly align B-mode PA-US images and generate artifact-free 2D cross-sections. Application of the deshaking technique to PA phantoms revealed 80% similarity to the ground truth when shaking was intentionally applied during stepper motor scans. Images from handheld sweeps could also be deshaken using an LED PA-US scanner. In porcine mandibles, pigmentation of the enamel was well-estimated within 0.1 mm error. The pocket depth measured in a healthy human subject was also in good agreement with our prior study. This report demonstrates that a modality-independent registration technique can be applied to clinically relevant PA-US scans of the periodontium to reduce operator burden of skill and subject discomfort while showing potential for handheld clinical periodontal imaging.
同时可视化牙齿和牙周组织对于基于图像的牙周健康监测具有重要的临床意义。我们最近报道了一种双模态光声 - 超声（PA-US）成像系统在解析人体牙周解剖结构和牙周袋深度方面的应用。这项工作利用连接到步进电机的线性阵列换能器通过最大强度投影生成三维图像。这项前期工作还使用了医用头部固定器来减少在容积渲染过程中由于受试者运动（如呼吸、轻微头部移动）产生的伪影。然而，这种解决方案并不能完全消除运动伪影，同时还会使成像过程复杂化并导致患者不适。为了解决这个问题，我们报告了一种图像配准技术的实施，以正确对齐B模式PA-US图像并生成无伪影的二维横截面。将去抖动技术应用于PA体模显示，在步进电机扫描期间故意施加抖动时，与真实情况的相似度达到80%。使用手持扫描获得的图像也可以使用LED PA-US扫描仪进行去抖动处理。在猪下颌骨中，釉质色素沉着的估计误差在0.1毫米以内。在一名健康人类受试者中测量的牙周袋深度也与我们之前的研究结果高度一致。本报告表明，一种与模态无关的配准技术可应用于临床上相关的牙周PA-US扫描，以减轻操作人员的技术负担和受试者的不适，同时显示出在手持临床牙周成像方面的潜力。
