Yuan Guangzhe, Shi Wei, Lowe Sarah, Chang Kay, Jackson Todd, Hall Brian J
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao (SAR), People's Republic of China.
Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, People's Republic of China.
J Psychiatr Res. 2021 May;137:491-497. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.036. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
Research has documented a strong association between perceived social support, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and psychological distress (PD) among people exposed to natural disasters. However, the direction of associations between these factors remains unclear. This study examined possible mediational relationships among perceived social support, PTSS, and PD. A three-wave longitudinal design (6 months intervals) was employed in a sample of 341 Chinese university students (M = 21.24, SD = 2.72; 75.7% female) aged 18 to 34 who were directly exposed to a typhoon that occurred in Macao, China, during August 2017. Results indicated that perceived social support at T2 mediated the linkage between PTSS at T1 and PD at T3, and that PTSS at T2 significantly mediated the relationship between PD at T1 and perceived social support at T3. This three-wave longitudinal study highlights the key role of perceived social support on the aggravating effect of acute PTSS on long-term psychological problems, and demonstrates that adverse psychological health outcomes negatively affect the perception of supportive social resources in the context of a natural disaster.
研究表明，在遭受自然灾害的人群中，感知到的社会支持、创伤后应激症状（PTSS）和心理困扰（PD）之间存在密切关联。然而，这些因素之间关联的方向仍不明确。本研究考察了感知到的社会支持、PTSS和PD之间可能存在的中介关系。对341名年龄在18至34岁之间直接遭受2017年8月发生在中国澳门的台风影响的中国大学生（M = 21.24，SD = 2.72；75.7%为女性）采用了三波纵向设计（间隔6个月）。结果表明，T2时感知到的社会支持在T1时的PTSS和T3时的PD之间起中介作用，且T2时的PTSS显著中介了T1时的PD与T3时感知到的社会支持之间的关系。这项三波纵向研究凸显了感知到的社会支持在急性PTSS对长期心理问题的加重作用中的关键作用，并表明在自然灾害背景下，不良的心理健康结果会对支持性社会资源的感知产生负面影响。
