Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Physiology, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 17;22(6):3081. doi: 10.3390/ijms22063081.
HLA matching, transplantation technique, or underlying disease greatly influences the probability of long-term transplantation success. It has been hypothesised that genetic variation affecting antigen presentation also contributes to the outcomes of both solid organ transplantation and allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). Those genes, along with those responsible for innate and adaptive immunity, have become targets of investigation. In this review, we focus on the role of CTLA4 in the process of acute graft rejection and summarise the progress in our understanding of its role in predicting the outcome. We present the results of the latest studies investigating the link between gene variability and AHSCT, as well as organ transplantation outcomes. While some studies found a link between +49 A/G and -318 C/T and transplantation outcomes, comprehensive meta-analyses have failed to present any association. The most recent field reviews suggest that the -1772 T/C (rs733618) CC genotype is weakly associated with a lower risk of acute graft rejection, while +49 A/G might be clinically meaningful when investigated in the context of combinations with other polymorphisms. Studies verifying associations between 12 CTLA4 gene SNPs and AHSCT outcomes present inexplicit results. Some of the most commonly studied polymorphisms in this context include +49 A/G (rs231775) and CT60 A/G (rs3087243). The results signify that, in order to understand the role of CTLA4 and its gene polymorphisms in transplantology, further studies must be conducted.
HLA 匹配、移植技术或基础疾病极大地影响长期移植成功的概率。人们假设，影响抗原呈递的遗传变异也会影响实体器官移植和异基因造血干细胞移植（AHSCT）的结果。这些基因以及负责先天和适应性免疫的基因已成为研究的目标。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍 CTLA4 在急性移植物排斥过程中的作用，并总结了对其在预测结果中的作用的理解进展。我们介绍了最新研究调查基因变异与 AHSCT 以及器官移植结果之间联系的结果。虽然一些研究发现+49A/G 和-318C/T 与移植结果之间存在联系，但综合荟萃分析未能显示出任何关联。最近的领域综述表明，-1772T/C（rs733618）CC 基因型与急性移植物排斥的风险降低弱相关，而+49A/G 可能在与其他多态性组合研究时具有临床意义。验证 CTLA4 基因 12 个 SNP 与 AHSCT 结果之间关联的研究结果不一致。在这种情况下，最常研究的一些多态性包括+49A/G（rs231775）和 CT60A/G（rs3087243）。结果表明，为了了解 CTLA4 及其基因多态性在移植学中的作用，必须进行进一步的研究。
