Mori Yuko, Tiiri Elina, Khanal Prakash, Khakurel Jayden, Mishina Kaisa, Sourander Andre
Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, 20014 Turun Yliopisto, Finland.
INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20014 Turun Yliopisto, Finland.
Children (Basel). 2021 Mar 17;8(3):232. doi: 10.3390/children8030232.
This study systematically reviewed the literature on perceived school safety. We investigated the prevalence, factors and associated mental health difficulties, as well as cross-cultural findings. Five databases were searched up to 9 February 2021 for peer-reviewed papers published in English. We included quantitative studies that explored the perception of school safety among children and adolescents. The reference lists of the selected papers were also searched. We conducted a narrative synthesis of the included studies. The review included 43 papers. The mean prevalence of the students who felt unsafe at school was 19.4% and ranged from 6.1% to 69.1%. Their perceived safety was associated with a wide range of personal, school, and social factors. Not feeling safe at school was related to being victimized and mental health difficulties, including depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. Higher perceived school safety was associated with measures such as the presence of a security officer and fair school rule enforcement. The results showed the lack of cross-cultural studies on perceived school safety. Empirical studies are needed that examine the mechanisms of school safety, using valid measures. A clear definition of school safety should be considered a key aspect of future studies.
本研究系统回顾了关于学校安全感的文献。我们调查了其患病率、影响因素及相关心理健康问题，以及跨文化研究结果。截至2021年2月9日，我们在五个数据库中检索了以英文发表的同行评审论文。我们纳入了探讨儿童和青少年对学校安全认知的定量研究。我们还检索了所选论文的参考文献列表。我们对纳入的研究进行了叙述性综合分析。该综述纳入了43篇论文。在学校感到不安全的学生平均患病率为19.4%，范围从6.1%到69.1%。他们的安全感与广泛的个人、学校和社会因素相关。在学校感觉不安全与受欺负以及心理健康问题有关，包括抑郁症状和自杀行为。较高的学校安全感与诸如配备安保人员和公平执行学校规则等措施相关。结果显示缺乏关于学校安全感的跨文化研究。需要开展实证研究，使用有效的测量方法来探究学校安全的机制。学校安全的明确定义应被视为未来研究的一个关键方面。
