Kwon Ohchan, Choi Yunkyu, Choi Eunji, Kim Minsu, Woo Yun Chul, Kim Dae Woo
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea.
Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT), Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10233, Korea.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Mar 17;11(3):757. doi: 10.3390/nano11030757.
Graphene oxide (GO) has been a prized material for fabricating separation membranes due to its immense potential and unique chemistry. Despite the academic focus on GO, the adoption of GO membranes in industry remains elusive. One of the challenges at hand for commercializing GO membranes lies with large-scale production techniques. Fortunately, emerging studies have acknowledged this issue, where many have aimed to deliver insights into scalable approaches showing potential to be employed in the commercial domain. The current review highlights eight physical methods for GO membrane fabrication. Based on batch-unit or continuous fabrication, we have further classified the techniques into five small-scale (vacuum filtration, pressure-assisted filtration, spin coating, dip coating, drop-casting) and three large-scale (spray coating, bar/doctor blade coating, slot die coating) approaches. The continuous nature of the large-scale approach implies that the GO membranes prepared by this method are less restricted by the equipment's dimensions but rather the availability of the material, whereas membranes yielded by small-scale methods are predominately limited by the size of the fabrication device. The current review aims to serve as an initial reference to provide a technical overview of preparing GO membranes. We further aim to shift the focus of the audience towards scalable processes and their prospect, which will facilitate the commercialization of GO membranes.
氧化石墨烯（GO）因其巨大的潜力和独特的化学性质，一直是制造分离膜的珍贵材料。尽管学术界对GO十分关注，但GO膜在工业上的应用仍然难以实现。GO膜商业化面临的挑战之一在于大规模生产技术。幸运的是，新兴研究已经认识到了这个问题，许多研究旨在深入探讨可扩展方法，这些方法显示出在商业领域应用的潜力。本综述重点介绍了八种制备GO膜的物理方法。基于分批单元或连续制造，我们将这些技术进一步分为五种小规模方法（真空过滤、压力辅助过滤、旋涂、浸涂、滴铸）和三种大规模方法（喷涂、刮棒/刮刀涂布、狭缝模头涂布）。大规模方法的连续性意味着通过这种方法制备的GO膜较少受到设备尺寸的限制，而更多地受到材料可用性的限制，而小规模方法制备的膜主要受制造设备尺寸的限制。本综述旨在作为初步参考，提供制备GO膜的技术概述。我们进一步旨在将读者的注意力转向可扩展工艺及其前景，这将促进GO膜的商业化。
