Kikutani Takeshi, Ichikawa Yoko, Kitazume Eri, Mizukoshi Arato, Tohara Takashi, Takahashi Noriaki, Tamura Fumiyo, Matsutani Manami, Onishi Junko, Makino Eiichiro
Division of Clinical Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Life Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 184-0011, Japan.
Tama Oral Rehabilitation Clinic, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry, Tokyo 184-0011, Japan.
Nutrients. 2021 Mar 29;13(4):1113. doi: 10.3390/nu13041113.
In older people with psychoneurological diseases, COVID-19 infection may be associated with a risk of developing or exacerbating dysphagia. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between eating/swallowing function and COVID-19 infection.
Subjects were 44 inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 infection being treated for schizophrenia in a psychiatric ward. Eating function was assessed using the Food Intake Level Scale (FILS) before and after infection. We also evaluated age, comorbidities, COVID-19 hospital stay, obesity index, weight loss rate, and chlorpromazine equivalent.
Subjects had a mean age of 68.86 years. Pre-infection, 20 subjects had a FILS score of 7-9 (presence of eating/swallowing disorder) and 24 subjects had a score of 10 (normal). Eating function after infection resolution showed decreasing FILS score compared to that before infection in 14 subjects (74.14 years). Six subjects (79.3 years) transitioned from oral feeding to parenteral feeding. A ≥ 10% weight loss during infection treatment was significantly associated with decreased eating function and a transition to parenteral feeding. Chlorpromazine equivalents, comorbidities, and number of days of hospitalization showed no associations with decreased eating function.
Preventing malnutrition during treatment for COVID-19 infection is important for improving post-infection life prognosis and maintaining quality of life (QOL).
在患有精神神经疾病的老年人中，新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）感染可能与发生或加重吞咽困难的风险相关。本研究的目的是探讨饮食/吞咽功能与COVID-19感染之间的关系。
研究对象为44例在精神科病房接受治疗的确诊COVID-19感染的精神分裂症住院患者。在感染前后使用食物摄入水平量表（FILS）评估饮食功能。我们还评估了年龄、合并症、COVID-19住院时间、肥胖指数、体重减轻率和氯丙嗪等效剂量。
研究对象的平均年龄为68.86岁。感染前，20名研究对象的FILS评分为7-9分（存在饮食/吞咽障碍），24名研究对象的评分为10分（正常）。在14名研究对象（74.14岁）中，感染消退后的饮食功能显示FILS评分较感染前下降。6名研究对象（79.3岁）从经口喂养转为肠外营养。感染治疗期间体重减轻≥10%与饮食功能下降和转为肠外营养显著相关。氯丙嗪等效剂量、合并症和住院天数与饮食功能下降无关。
在COVID-19感染治疗期间预防营养不良对于改善感染后生活预后和维持生活质量（QOL）很重要。
