Khan Fayaz, Chevidikunnan Mohamed Faisal
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Mar 13;9(3):320. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9030320.
Stroke is a major cause of disability worldwide, and balance impairments are common disabling factors in patients with stroke, leading to falls. Thus, the study objectives were as follows: (i) To find the prevalence of balance impairment among patients with stroke. (ii) To find out the factors associated with balance impairment in patients with stroke. This cross-sectional retrospective case control study involved eighty-one post stroke patients with a mean age of 58.36 ± 14.06, recruited from six hospitals, who underwent an assessment of balance, walking speed, depression and isometric strength of the ankle and knee. These patients were later categorized into subjects with good balance (<45) in the Berg balance scale (BBS) and those with poor balance (≥45), as cases and controls, to assess the factors associated with balance impairment using binary logistic regression. The prevalence of balance impairment among patients with stroke was 48.1%. The reduction in power of knee flexors (OR = 0.858), knee extensors (OR = 0.880) and ankle dorsiflexors (OR = 0.820) was found to be significantly associated with balance impairment, along with speed (OR = 1.187 (95% CI = 1.100, 1.280)), depression (OR = 1.331 (95% CI = 1.055-1.679)) and activities of daily living (OR = 0.313 (95% CI = 0.150-0.650)). In summary, around half of the patients with stroke exhibited balance impairments, with females being more prone.
中风是全球残疾的主要原因，平衡障碍是中风患者常见的致残因素，可导致跌倒。因此，本研究的目标如下：(i) 确定中风患者平衡障碍的患病率。(ii) 找出与中风患者平衡障碍相关的因素。这项横断面回顾性病例对照研究纳入了81名中风后患者，平均年龄为58.36±14.06岁，来自6家医院，他们接受了平衡、步行速度、抑郁以及踝关节和膝关节等长肌力的评估。这些患者随后根据Berg平衡量表（BBS）分为平衡良好（<45分）和平衡较差（≥45分）的两组，作为病例组和对照组，采用二元逻辑回归分析评估与平衡障碍相关的因素。中风患者平衡障碍的患病率为48.1%。研究发现，膝关节屈肌（OR=0.858）、膝关节伸肌（OR=0.880）和踝关节背屈肌力量下降（OR=0.820）与平衡障碍显著相关，同时还有步行速度（OR=1.187（95%CI=1.100，1.280））、抑郁（OR=1.331（95%CI=1.055 - 1.679））和日常生活活动能力（OR=0.313（95%CI=0.150 - 0.650））。总之，约一半的中风患者存在平衡障碍，女性更易出现。
