Albuquerque Bianca R, Dias Maria Inês, Pereira Carla, Petrović Jovana, Soković Marina, Calhelha Ricardo C, Oliveira M Beatriz P P, Ferreira Isabel C F R, Barros Lillian
Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
REQUIMTE-Science Chemical Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
Foods. 2021 Mar 25;10(4):700. doi: 10.3390/foods10040700.
Fruit bio-residues can be interesting for the recovery of bioactive molecules, such as phenolic compounds, tocopherols, vitamins, among others. These compounds can be targeted at the food industry and used for the development of functional foods or as food additives. In some cases, fruit epicarps are converted into by-products with non-commercial value, and generally, these fruit parts have a higher content in bioactive compounds than the fruit pulp. From this perspective, , a Brazilian fruit, has an inedible epicarp that could be explored to obtain biological compounds. Therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate the chemical composition and the antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial bioactivities of this by-product. epicarp showed a total of four organic acids, four phenolic compounds, highlighting the high concentration of anthocyanins (24 ± 1 mg/g dry weight (dw)) and high content of tocopherols (366 ± 2 mg/100 g dw). The hydroethanolic extract showed considerable antioxidant activity (EC values of 48.2 ± 0.5 and 27 ± 1 µg/mL for TBARS and OxHLIA assays, respectively), as also antibacterial and antifungal activities (minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ≤ 2.2 mg/mL). The results obtained in this study suggest that epicarp represents a reliable option for the development of novel natural-based colorants with functional/bioactive proprieties.
水果生物残渣对于生物活性分子的回收可能具有重要意义，这些生物活性分子包括酚类化合物、生育酚、维生素等。这些化合物可应用于食品工业，用于开发功能性食品或作为食品添加剂。在某些情况下，水果外果皮会转化为无商业价值的副产品，通常，这些水果部分的生物活性化合物含量高于果肉。从这个角度来看，巴西水果的不可食用外果皮可用于探索获取生物化合物。因此，本研究的目的是评估这种副产品的化学成分以及抗氧化、抗增殖、抗炎和抗菌生物活性。该水果外果皮共含有四种有机酸、四种酚类化合物，其中花青素浓度较高（24±1毫克/克干重），生育酚含量也较高（366±2毫克/100克干重）。乙醇提取物表现出相当强的抗氧化活性（硫代巴比妥酸反应物和氧化血红蛋白诱导的溶血抑制试验的EC值分别为48.2±0.5和27±1微克/毫升），以及抗菌和抗真菌活性（最低抑菌浓度≤2.2毫克/毫升）。本研究获得的结果表明，该水果外果皮是开发具有功能/生物活性特性的新型天然色素的可靠选择。
