Juraszek Janusz, Antonik-Popiołek Patrycja
Faculty of Materials, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Bielsko-Biala, 43-309 Bielsko-Biala, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Mar 4;14(5):1207. doi: 10.3390/ma14051207.
Standard sensors for the measurement and monitoring of temperature in civil structures are liable to mechanical damage and electromagnetic interference. A system of purpose-designed fibre optic FBG sensors offers a more suitable and reliable solution-the sensors can be directly integrated with the load-bearing structure during construction, it is possible to create a network of fibre optic sensors to ensure not only temperature measurements but also measurements of strain and of the moisture content in the building envelope. The paper describes the results of temperature measurements of a building 2-layer wall using optical fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and of a three-layer wall using equivalent classical temperature sensors. The testing results can be transmitted remotely. In the first stage, the sensors were tested in a climatic test chamber to determine their characteristics. The paper describes test results of temperature measurements carried out in the winter season for two multilayer external walls of a building in relation to the environmental conditions recorded at that time, i.e., outdoor temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. Cases are considered with the biggest difference in the level of the relative humidity of air recorded in the observation period. It is found that there is greater convergence between the theoretical and the real temperature distribution in the wall for high levels (~84%) of the outdoor air relative humidity, whereas at the humidity level of ~49%, the difference between theoretical and real temperature histories is substantial and totals up to 20%. A correction factor is proposed for the theoretical temperature distribution.
用于土木结构温度测量和监测的标准传感器容易受到机械损伤和电磁干扰。一种专门设计的光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器系统提供了一种更合适、更可靠的解决方案——这些传感器在施工期间可直接与承重结构集成，能够创建一个光纤传感器网络，不仅可以确保温度测量，还能测量建筑围护结构中的应变和含水量。本文描述了使用光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器对建筑物双层墙以及使用等效传统温度传感器对三层墙进行温度测量的结果。测试结果可以远程传输。在第一阶段，传感器在气候试验箱中进行测试以确定其特性。本文描述了在冬季对建筑物的两个多层外墙进行温度测量的测试结果，以及当时记录的环境条件，即室外温度、相对湿度和风速。考虑了观测期内记录的空气相对湿度水平差异最大的情况。结果发现，对于高水平（约84%）的室外空气相对湿度，墙体理论温度分布与实际温度分布之间的收敛性更强，而在约49%的湿度水平下，理论温度历史与实际温度历史之间存在显著差异，总计高达20%。针对理论温度分布提出了一个校正因子。
