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CRISPR/Cas 介导的等位基因特异性敲除治疗 NR2E3 基因 G56R 突变导致的常染色体显性遗传视网膜色素变性

Allele-Specific Knockout by CRISPR/Cas to Treat Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa Caused by the G56R Mutation in NR2E3.

机构信息

INM, University of Montpellier, Inserm, 34091 Montpellier, France.

National Reference Centre for Inherited Sensory Diseases, University of Montpellier, CHU, 34295 Montpellier, France.

出版信息

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 5;22(5):2607. doi: 10.3390/ijms22052607.

Abstract

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal dystrophy that causes progressive vision loss. The G56R mutation in NR2E3 is the second most common mutation causing autosomal dominant (ad) RP, a transcription factor that is essential for photoreceptor development and maintenance. The G56R variant is exclusively responsible for all cases of -associated adRP. Currently, there is no treatment for -related or, other, adRP, but genome editing holds promise. A pertinent approach would be to specifically knockout the dominant mutant allele, so that the wild type allele can perform unhindered. In this study, we developed a CRISPR/Cas strategy to specifically knockout the mutant G56R allele of and performed a proof-of-concept study in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of an adRP patient. We demonstrate allele-specific knockout of the mutant G56R allele in the absence of off-target events. Furthermore, we validated this knockout strategy in an exogenous overexpression system. Accordingly, the mutant G56R-CRISPR protein was truncated and mis-localized to the cytosol in contrast to the (peri)nuclear localizations of wild type or G56R NR2E3 proteins. Finally, we show, for the first time, that G56R iPSCs, as well as G56R-CRISPR iPSCs, can differentiate into NR2E3-expressing retinal organoids. Overall, we demonstrate that G56R allele-specific knockout by CRISPR/Cas could be a clinically relevant approach to treat -associated adRP.

摘要

色素性视网膜炎(RP)是一种遗传性视网膜病变,可导致视力逐渐丧失。NR2E3 中的 G56R 突变是导致常染色体显性遗传(ad)RP 的第二大常见突变,该突变是一种转录因子,对感光细胞的发育和维持至关重要。G56R 变体是导致所有与相关的 adRP 的唯一原因。目前,尚无针对与相关或其他 adRP 的治疗方法,但基因组编辑具有广阔的前景。一种相关的方法是专门敲除显性突变等位基因,以便野生型等位基因能够不受阻碍地发挥作用。在这项研究中,我们开发了一种 CRISPR/Cas 策略来专门敲除 adRP 患者诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)中 的突变 G56R 等位基因,并进行了概念验证研究。我们证明了在不存在脱靶事件的情况下,突变 G56R 等位基因的等位基因特异性敲除。此外,我们在过表达系统中验证了这种敲除策略。相应地,突变的 G56R-CRISPR 蛋白被截断并错误定位到细胞质中,而野生型或 G56R NR2E3 蛋白则定位于核周。最后,我们首次表明,G56R iPSC 以及 G56R-CRISPR iPSC 可以分化为表达 NR2E3 的视网膜类器官。总之,我们证明了 CRISPR/Cas 介导的 G56R 等位基因特异性敲除可能是治疗与相关的 adRP 的一种有临床意义的方法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/12c7/7961898/a44b1a5e0b74/ijms-22-02607-g001a.jpg

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