Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines.
Environmental Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Mar 5;21(5):1811. doi: 10.3390/s21051811.
The widespread presence of heavy metals in drinking water sources arises as a major health concern, particularly in developing countries. The development of low-cost and reliable detection techniques is identified as a societal need to provide affordable water quality control. Herein, a bismuth film-coated gold ultramicroelectrode array (BF-UMEA) was used for the detection of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in water samples via square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). Experimental parameters such as deposition time, Bi(III) concentration, acetate buffer concentration, pH, square wave frequency, amplitude, and step potential were all varied to determine their effects on the current peak intensities of the target metal ions. Ten-fold excess in the concentration of interferences was found to cause a decrease in the stripping peak areas of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in the following order of magnitude: benzene < NaCl < Ni(II) < Cu(II). Using Box-Behnken design, the optimum SWASV parameters that provided maximum current peak areas were 14.76 Hz (frequency), 50.10 mV (amplitude), and 8.76 mV (step potential). The limits of detection of the as-prepared BF-UMEA were 5 and 7 µg L for Pb(II) and Cd(II), respectively. These results demonstrate the potential use of a BF-UMEA in SWASV for the trace quantification of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in water samples.
饮用水源中重金属的广泛存在是一个主要的健康问题，特别是在发展中国家。开发低成本、可靠的检测技术被认为是满足社会需求、提供负担得起的水质控制的一种手段。在此，采用铋膜涂覆的金超微电极阵列（BF-UMEA），通过方波阳极溶出伏安法（SWASV）检测水样中的 Pb(II) 和 Cd(II)。实验参数如沉积时间、Bi(III)浓度、醋酸盐缓冲液浓度、pH 值、方波频率、幅度和阶跃电位都进行了变化，以确定它们对目标金属离子电流峰强度的影响。发现十倍浓度的干扰物质会按以下顺序降低 Cd(II)和 Pb(II)的溶出峰面积：苯<NaCl<Ni(II)<Cu(II)。使用 Box-Behnken 设计，提供最大电流峰面积的最佳 SWASV 参数为 14.76 Hz（频率）、50.10 mV（幅度）和 8.76 mV（阶跃电位）。制备的 BF-UMEA 的检出限分别为 5 和 7 µg L 的 Pb(II)和 Cd(II)。这些结果表明，BF-UMEA 在 SWASV 中可用于痕量定量检测水样中的 Pb(II)和 Cd(II)。
