Selvam Kasturi, Khalid Muhammad Fazli, Mustaffa Khairul Mohd Fadzli, Harun Azian, Aziah Ismail
Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Microorganisms. 2021 Mar 30;9(4):711. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9040711.
Melioidosis is a severe disease caused by (), a Gram-negative environmental bacterium. It is endemic in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia, but it is underreported in many other countries. The principal routes of entry for are skin penetration, inhalation, and ingestion. It mainly affects immunocompromised populations, especially patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The laboratory diagnosis of melioidosis is challenging due to its non-specific clinical manifestations, which mimic other severe infections. The culture method is considered an imperfect gold standard for the diagnosis of melioidosis due to its low sensitivity. Antibody detection has low sensitivity and specificity due to the high seropositivity among healthy people in endemic regions. Antigen detection using various proteins has been tested for the rapid determination of ; however, it presents certain limitations in terms of its sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, this review aims to frame the present knowledge of a potential target known as the invasion protein D (BipD), including future directions for its detection using an aptamer-based sensor (aptasensor).
类鼻疽是一种由伯克霍尔德菌属（一种革兰氏阴性环境细菌）引起的严重疾病。它在东南亚和澳大利亚北部呈地方性流行，但在许多其他国家报告不足。伯克霍尔德菌属的主要侵入途径是皮肤穿透、吸入和摄入。它主要影响免疫功能低下人群，尤其是2型糖尿病患者。由于类鼻疽的临床表现不具特异性，与其他严重感染相似，其实验室诊断具有挑战性。培养方法因其灵敏度低，被认为是类鼻疽诊断的不完善金标准。由于流行地区健康人群血清阳性率高，抗体检测的灵敏度和特异性较低。使用各种蛋白质进行抗原检测已用于快速检测伯克霍尔德菌属；然而，其在灵敏度和特异性方面存在一定局限性。因此，本综述旨在梳理关于一种名为侵袭蛋白D（BipD）的潜在靶点的现有知识，包括使用基于适体的传感器（适体传感器）对其进行检测的未来方向。
