Synthesis of Lignin-Based MMA--BA Hybrid Resins from Cornstalk Residue via RAFT Miniemulsion Polymerization and Their Characteristics.

The conversion of cornstalk lignin derived from the co-product of bio-refinery into value-added products such as polymeric material has remarkable environmental and economic potential. A novel bio-based methyl methacrylate copolymerized with butyl acrylate (MMA--BA) hybrid resin in our research was prepared by the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer method using lignin-graft-polyacrylamide (lignin-g-PAM) as a bio-derived macromolecular chain transfer agent. The molecular architecture of lignin-g-PAM and the lignin-based MMA--BA hybrid resin was elucidated using H nuclear magnetic resonance and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared. The thermal behavior and mechanical performance of the resultant lignin-based MMA--BA hybrid resins were also investigated through thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and a stress-strain test, respectively. The lignin-based acrylate resins system exhibited structure-related thermal and mechanical properties. Compared with pure MMA--BA resin, the incorporation of lignin into various lignin-based MMA--BA graft copolymers resulted in an improved tensile strength and a higher Young's modulus. This research could provide not only a new avenue to utilize waste biomass for high-value applications, but also a reference for designing new materials for coatings or adhesives.