Hugon J, Lubeau M, Tabaraud F, Chazot F, Vallat J M, Dumas M
Service de Neurologie, C.H.U. Dupuytren, Limoges.
Rev Neurol (Paris). 1988;144(2):91-5.
The transcranial stimulation of the motor cortex and spinal cord was introduced in clinical neurology by Merton and Morton (1980). This reproducible and non invasive technique gives the possibility to elicit unilaterally or bilaterally evoked motor potentials. It is possible to define a Total Conduction Time (TCT) from cortex to muscle and a Peripheral Conduction Time (PCT) from spinal cord to muscle. The central conduction time is given by the latency difference between TCT and PCT. This delay represents the duration of the descending corticospinal volley plus the delay necessary to depolarize spinal motor neurons. For central pathways supplying the upper limbs TCT is 4.3 milliseconds and for central pathways supplying the lower limbs TCT is 9.3 milliseconds. This technique of central motorpathway assessment can be used to define the magnitude of a central motor deficit in neurological diseases affecting the corticospinal tract, during surgical procedures involving the spinal cord and in comatose patients. The new magnetic stimulation is painless and will probably widen the utilization of this method.
运动皮层和脊髓的经颅刺激由默顿和莫顿于1980年引入临床神经学。这种可重复且无创的技术能够单侧或双侧诱发运动电位。可以定义从皮层到肌肉的总传导时间（TCT）以及从脊髓到肌肉的外周传导时间（PCT）。中枢传导时间由TCT和PCT之间的潜伏期差异给出。这种延迟代表了皮质脊髓冲动下行的持续时间加上使脊髓运动神经元去极化所需的延迟。对于供应上肢的中枢通路，TCT为4.3毫秒，对于供应下肢的中枢通路，TCT为9.3毫秒。这种中枢运动通路评估技术可用于确定影响皮质脊髓束的神经系统疾病、涉及脊髓的外科手术以及昏迷患者中中枢运动缺陷的程度。新的磁刺激无痛，可能会扩大这种方法的应用范围。
