Masjedi Mohammad Reza, Ainy Elaheh, Fakharian Atefeh, Eslaminejad Alireza, Paydar Roghayeh
Department of Pulmonology and Internal Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cancer Control Research Center, Cancer Control Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tanaffos. 2020 Jul;19(3):195-200.
This study was done to determine the role of common variables, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), rhinosinusitis, and smoking among a group of asthmatic and severe asthmatic patients in 2016.
This retrospective study was carried out from mid-June to the end of September 2016. Of 678 patients with asthma referred to private asthma clinics in Tehran, 163 subjects were selected. Severe asthma (SA) cases were diagnosed according to the SA definition (severe shortness of breath, chest tightness or pain, and coughing or wheezing, low peak expiratory flow (PEF) using a peak flow meter, and more than two days of wheezing and coughing per week). Patients with the presence of concomitant diseases, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, sleep apnea, hypo- and hyperthyroidism, as well as users of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were excluded.According to the signs and symptoms and classic criteria of asthma, the subjects with SA were assigned to the case group and subjects with asthma to the control group. Besides, general information, including age, gender, BMI, smoking history, and the presence of Rhinosinusitis was collected.
Of 163 subjects, 92 patients (56.4%) were in the control, and 71 patients (43.6%) in the case group. The rate of SA among 678 patients was 10.47%. The mean age of the case group was 49.08 ±11.66 and the control group was 50.05 ±15.65 years. There was a significant difference in BMI between the case and control groups (p=0.034), especially among females in the case group (p=0.001). BMI was significantly higher in females than in males (p=0.002). Also, smoking status was not significant between the case and control groups (p=0.751). Rhinosinusitis was significantly higher in the case groups compared with the control groups (p= .014).
Rhinosinusitis was higher in SA patients (case group). SA was more observed among females than males and those who were more overweight. It seems that rhinosinusitis and obesity are more important risk factors. Moreover, obese female patients require more serious attention.
本研究旨在确定2016年一组哮喘和重度哮喘患者中常见变量的作用，这些变量包括年龄、性别、体重指数（BMI）、鼻窦炎和吸烟情况。
本回顾性研究于2016年6月中旬至9月底进行。在转诊至德黑兰私立哮喘诊所的678例哮喘患者中，选取了163例受试者。重度哮喘（SA）病例根据SA的定义进行诊断（严重呼吸急促、胸闷或疼痛、咳嗽或喘息、使用峰值流量计测得的呼气峰值流速（PEF）较低，以及每周喘息和咳嗽超过两天）。排除患有合并症的患者，如胃食管反流病、睡眠呼吸暂停、甲状腺功能减退和亢进，以及使用非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）的患者。根据哮喘的体征、症状和经典标准，将SA患者分配到病例组，哮喘患者分配到对照组。此外，收集了一般信息，包括年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟史和鼻窦炎的存在情况。
163例受试者中，92例患者（56.4%）在对照组，71例患者（43.6%）在病例组。678例患者中SA的发生率为10.47%。病例组的平均年龄为49.08±11.66岁，对照组为50.05±15.65岁。病例组和对照组之间的BMI存在显著差异（p=0.034），尤其是病例组中的女性（p=0.001）。女性的BMI显著高于男性（p=0.002）。此外，病例组和对照组之间的吸烟状况无显著差异（p=0.751）。病例组的鼻窦炎发生率显著高于对照组（p=0.014）。
SA患者（病例组）的鼻窦炎发生率较高。女性比男性以及超重者中SA更为常见。看来鼻窦炎和肥胖是更重要的危险因素。此外，肥胖女性患者需要更密切的关注。
