Frainer André, Primicerio Raul, Dolgov Andrey, Fossheim Maria, Johannesen Edda, Lind Sigrid, Aschan Michaela
Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Fram Centre, 9007 Tromsø, Norway.
Proc Biol Sci. 2021 Apr 14;288(1948):20210054. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0054. Epub 2021 Apr 7.
As temperatures rise, motile species start to redistribute to more suitable areas, potentially affecting the persistence of several resident species and altering biodiversity and ecosystem functions. In the Barents Sea, a hotspot for global warming, marine fish from boreal regions have been increasingly found in the more exclusive Arctic region. Here, we show that this shift in species distribution is increasing species richness and evenness, and even more so, the functional diversity of the Arctic. Higher diversity is often interpreted as being positive for ecosystem health and is a target for conservation. However, the increasing trend observed here may be transitory as the traits involved threaten Arctic species via predation and competition. If the pressure from global warming continues to rise, the ensuing loss of Arctic species will result in a reduction in functional diversity.
随着气温上升，洄游物种开始重新分布到更适宜的区域，这可能会影响一些本地物种的存续，并改变生物多样性和生态系统功能。在全球变暖的热点地区巴伦支海，北极地区原本更为独特的区域越来越多地发现了来自北方地区的海洋鱼类。在此，我们表明，这种物种分布的变化正在增加北极地区的物种丰富度和均匀度，更重要的是，增加了其功能多样性。更高的多样性通常被认为对生态系统健康有益，也是保护的目标。然而，这里观察到的增长趋势可能是暂时的，因为相关特征会通过捕食和竞争对北极物种构成威胁。如果全球变暖的压力持续上升，随之而来的北极物种丧失将导致功能多样性的减少。
