Pilusa Sonti, Myezwa Hellen, Potterton Joanne
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
S Afr J Physiother. 2021 Mar 15;77(1):1493. doi: 10.4102/sajp.v77i1.1493. eCollection 2021.
Across the lifespan, people with spinal cord injury (SCI) may experience preventable secondary health conditions (SHCs) such as pressures sores, muscle spasms and urinary tract infections (UTIs). Some factors influencing prevention of SHCs include social support, poor access to care and the prevention style of individuals. There is limited research on these factors.
To explore personal factors influencing the prevention of SHCs in people with SCI.
An explorative qualitative study included participants recruited in an outpatient department at a rehabilitation hospital. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients with SCI. Interviews were transcribed verbatim. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis.
Seventeen individuals with SCI were interviewed. From the interview analysis, six personal factors were identified, namely, socio-economic status; mental well-being (forgetfulness, beliefs, attitude); lack of knowledge of SHCs and prevention; lifestyle choices and practising prevention care; patient activation (self-management, problem-solving, resilience, self-awareness, help-seeking behaviour) and owning an appropriate assistive device.
Socio-economic status, mental well-being, knowledge of SHCs and prevention care, behaviour patterns, patient activation and owning an appropriate assistive device can influence prevention of SHCs. To enhance patient-oriented care, a model of care for people with SCI should consider these factors when developing prevention strategies. Future research could look into identifying environmental factors that influence the prevention of SHCs in people with SCI.
Tailored prevention strategies need to be developed, health professionals must ask patients about individual factors that may be barriers or facilitators to preventing secondary health conditions.
在整个生命周期中，脊髓损伤（SCI）患者可能会经历一些可预防的继发性健康问题（SHCs），如压疮、肌肉痉挛和尿路感染（UTIs）。影响SHCs预防的一些因素包括社会支持、获得护理的机会有限以及个人的预防方式。关于这些因素的研究有限。
探讨影响脊髓损伤患者SHCs预防的个人因素。
一项探索性定性研究纳入了在一家康复医院门诊部招募的参与者。对脊髓损伤患者进行了半结构化访谈。访谈内容逐字记录。采用内容分析法进行数据分析。
对17名脊髓损伤患者进行了访谈。通过访谈分析，确定了六个个人因素，即社会经济地位；心理健康（健忘、信念、态度）；对SHCs及其预防的知识缺乏；生活方式选择和预防护理实践；患者激活（自我管理、解决问题、恢复力、自我意识、寻求帮助行为）以及拥有合适的辅助设备。
社会经济地位、心理健康、对SHCs及预防护理的知识、行为模式、患者激活以及拥有合适的辅助设备会影响SHCs的预防。为加强以患者为中心的护理，脊髓损伤患者的护理模式在制定预防策略时应考虑这些因素。未来的研究可以探讨确定影响脊髓损伤患者SHCs预防的环境因素。
需要制定量身定制的预防策略，卫生专业人员必须询问患者可能成为预防继发性健康问题的障碍或促进因素的个人因素。
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