Department of Rehabilitation, Sint Maartenskliniek, P.O. Box 9011, 6500 GM, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
BMC Psychol. 2021 Oct 9;9(1):155. doi: 10.1186/s40359-021-00659-7.
People with a recent spinal cord injury (SCI) often follow intensive rehabilitation. Learning appropriate self-care, deal with their impairments and prevent secondary health conditions (SHCs), is highly important during rehabilitation. To date it is not clear how self-care skills are taught to people with SCI. The objective of this study was to understand how people with SCI experienced the learning of appropriate self-care skills during inpatient rehabilitation, including the role of the rehabilitation team.
Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 people with SCI, recently discharged from initial inpatient rehabilitation. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed and analyzed thematically.
Two main themes and seven sub-themes were identified. Participants stated that the contribution of the rehabilitation team to learning self-care, including prevention of SHCs, was mostly made by optimizing opportunities to learn through experience. For preventing SHCs, education and lessons learned from the professionals during therapy and the formal educational program, was experienced as especially important. Further, the motivational attitude of the professionals which participants found stimulating and was based on respect, combined with their positive contribution as one team, were seen as essentials elements for learning appropriate self-care. However participants did not recognize the contribution of the nursing staff as part of their rehabilitation, although it was seen as very important. An important aspect of the participants' own contribution was challenging oneself to learn self-care. This was done in different ways by the participants. Further, their own mental adjustment was considered important in the learning process. The gaining of confidence was by most participants seen as personal characteristic, although they also recognized the importance of the team effort and the experiences they underwent.
Learning appropriate self-care was mostly done through experience, by challenging themselves, and making use of the opportunities given by the members of the rehabilitation team. The same strategies used by the rehabilitation team to teach people with SCI to perform appropriate self-care, were also helpful for the participants to gain confidence. Explicit attention for self-care training as an important goal in SCI rehabilitation may strengthen the nursing staff's role and stimulate interdisciplinary working.
最近患有脊髓损伤（SCI）的人经常进行强化康复。在康复期间，学习适当的自我护理、应对损伤并预防继发性健康状况（SHC）非常重要。迄今为止，尚不清楚如何向 SCI 患者教授自我护理技能。本研究的目的是了解 SCI 患者在住院康复期间如何体验适当的自我护理技能学习，包括康复团队的作用。
对最近从初始住院康复中出院的 15 名 SCI 患者进行了个人半结构化访谈。访谈进行了录音、转录和主题分析。
确定了两个主要主题和七个子主题。参与者表示，康复团队对学习自我护理的贡献，包括预防 SHC，主要是通过优化通过经验学习的机会来实现的。对于预防 SHC，参与者认为教育和从治疗期间的专业人员以及正式教育计划中学到的经验非常重要。此外，专业人员的激励态度，参与者认为这是学习适当自我护理的基本要素，这种态度是基于尊重的，并且他们作为一个团队积极贡献。然而，参与者并没有将护理人员的贡献视为其康复的一部分，尽管它被认为非常重要。参与者自身贡献的一个重要方面是挑战自己学习自我护理。参与者以不同的方式做到了这一点。此外，他们自己的心理调整被认为是学习过程中的一个重要因素。大多数参与者认为获得信心是个人的特点，尽管他们也认识到团队努力和他们所经历的经验的重要性。
学习适当的自我护理主要是通过经验，通过挑战自己，并利用康复团队成员提供的机会来完成。康复团队用来教授 SCI 患者进行适当自我护理的相同策略，也有助于参与者获得信心。明确关注 SCI 康复中的自我护理培训作为一个重要目标，可能会加强护理人员的角色，并激发跨学科工作。
