Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
Vanderbilt Epidemiology PhD Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Apr 7;21(1):323. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06001-1.
Parainfluenza virus (PIV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI) in children. However, few studies have characterized the clinical features and outcomes associated with PIV infections among young children in the Middle East.
We conducted hospital-based surveillance for ARI among children < 2 years of age in a large referral hospital in Amman, Jordan. We systematically collected clinical data and respiratory specimens for pathogen detection using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We compared clinical features of PIV-associated ARI among individual serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 and among PIV infections compared with other viral ARI and ARI with no virus detected. We also compared the odds of supplemental oxygen use using logistic regression.
PIV was detected in 221/3168 (7.0%) children hospitalized with ARI. PIV-3 was the most commonly detected serotype (125/221; 57%). Individual clinical features of PIV infections varied little by individual serotype, although admission diagnosis of 'croup' was only associated with PIV-1 and PIV-2. Children with PIV-associated ARI had lower frequency of cough (71% vs 83%; p < 0.001) and wheezing (53% vs 60% p < 0.001) than children with ARI associated with other viruses. We did not find a significant difference in supplemental oxygen use between children with PIV-associated infections (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.12, 95% CI 0.66-1.89, p = 0.68) and infections in which no virus was detected.
PIV is frequently associated with ARI requiring hospitalization in young Jordanian children. Substantial overlap in clinical features may preclude distinguishing PIV infections from other viral infections at presentation.
副流感病毒（PIV）是导致儿童急性呼吸道疾病（ARI）的主要原因。然而，在中东地区，很少有研究描述与小儿 PIV 感染相关的临床特征和结局。
我们在约旦安曼的一家大型转诊医院对<2 岁的儿童进行了基于医院的 ARI 监测。我们系统地收集了临床数据，并使用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测呼吸道样本中的病原体。我们比较了 PIV 各血清型 1、2、3 和 4 型之间以及与其他病毒引起的 ARI 和未检测到病毒的 ARI 相关的 ARI 的临床特征。我们还使用逻辑回归比较了使用补充氧气的可能性。
在 3168 例因 ARI 住院的儿童中，检测到 221 例（7.0%）PIV 阳性。PIV-3 是最常见的检测到的血清型（125/221；57%）。尽管 PIV-1 和 PIV-2 仅与“喉炎”的入院诊断相关，但 PIV 各血清型感染的个体临床特征差异很小。与其他病毒引起的 ARI 相比，PIV 相关 ARI 的儿童咳嗽（71%比 83%；p<0.001）和喘息（53%比 60%；p<0.001）的频率较低。我们没有发现 PIV 相关感染（调整后的比值比[aOR]1.12，95%CI 0.66-1.89，p=0.68）与未检测到病毒的感染之间在使用补充氧气方面有显著差异。
PIV 是导致约旦年轻儿童住院的 ARI 的常见原因。在就诊时，临床特征的大量重叠可能使 PIV 感染与其他病毒感染难以区分。
