School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 9;10(1):4311. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60700-4.
The extensive literature has reported adverse effects on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on children's health. We aim to analyze associations of ETS with dry night cough, croup, pneumonia, and frequent common cold and to disentangle the effects of prenatal, infancy and childhood exposure by multilevel logistic regression. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 41,176 children aged 3-8 years in 8 major cities of China during 2010-2011, and obtained demographic information, smoke exposure information, and respiratory outcomes. Parents' smoking habit and indoor tobacco smoke odor were considered as two indicators of ETS. The prevalences of respiratory outcomes were 6.0% for croup, 9.5% for frequency common cold, 17.1% for dry night cough and 32.3% for pneumonia respectively in the study. The associations between respiratory outcomes and parental smoking were not obvious, while indoor tobacco smoke odor was clearly and strongly associated with most respiratory outcomes, with adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.06 to 1.95. Both infancy and childhood exposure to tobacco smoke odor were independent risk factors, but infancy exposure had a higher risk. The results explore that ETS increased the risk of respiratory outcomes in children, highlighting the need for raising awareness about the detrimental effects of tobacco smoke exposure.
大量文献报道了环境烟草烟雾（ETS）对儿童健康的不良影响。本研究旨在通过多水平逻辑回归分析 ETS 与儿童干咳、哮吼、肺炎和频繁普通感冒之间的关联，并厘清产前、婴儿期和儿童期暴露的影响。2010-2011 年期间，在中国 8 个主要城市对 41176 名 3-8 岁儿童进行了一项横断面研究，获得了人口统计学信息、烟雾暴露信息和呼吸道疾病结局。父母的吸烟习惯和室内烟草烟雾气味被视为 ETS 的两个指标。研究中，哮吼、频繁普通感冒、夜间干咳和肺炎的发生率分别为 6.0%、9.5%、17.1%和 32.3%。呼吸道疾病结局与父母吸烟之间的关联并不明显，而室内烟草烟雾气味与大多数呼吸道疾病结局明显且强烈相关，调整后的比值比范围为 1.06 至 1.95。婴儿期和儿童期接触烟草烟雾气味都是独立的危险因素，但婴儿期接触的风险更高。这些结果表明 ETS 增加了儿童呼吸道疾病的风险，强调了提高对烟草烟雾暴露有害影响的认识的必要性。
