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针对高危非裔美国青少年的多层次性传播感染/艾滋病预防策略能否提高生活满意度?

Can a Multilevel STI/HIV Prevention Strategy for High Risk African American Adolescents Improve Life Satisfaction?

作者信息

Zullig Keith J, Valois Robert F, Hobbs Gerald R, Kerr Jelani C, Romer Daniel, Carey Michael P, Brown Larry K, DiClemente Ralph J, Vanable Peter A

机构信息

Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 9190-26506, USA.

Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Schools of Public Health and Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.

出版信息

J Happiness Stud. 2020 Feb;21(2):417-436. doi: 10.1007/s10902-019-00084-z. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Abstract

Addressing adolescent sexual risk behaviors in the STI/HIV prevention literature is well documented; however, impacts from interventions on life satisfaction are relatively unexplored. This study examined data (n = 1658) from a randomized, multi-site, multi-level STI/HIV prevention intervention trial (Project iMPAACS) to determine whether increased protective and reduced sexual risk-taking behaviors associated with STI/HIV would also improve self-reported life satisfaction. Taking into account the nested study design and controlling for confounders, a mixed model ANOVA was performed where Total mean life satisfaction scores were analyzed at baseline and 3, 6, 12, and 18 months post-recruitment. Significance levels of 0.05 were used to determine significance and was used to assess effect size. We hypothesized that as intervention participants engaged in the intentional activity associated with increasing protective behaviors and reducing sexual risk-taking behaviors associated with STI/HIV, life satisfaction reports would also improve over the course of the intervention. A significant main effect for sex was detected ( = 5.19, = .02, = .03), along with three interactions: between experimental condition and media intervention ( = 7.96, = .005, = .04); experimental condition, sex, and media intervention ( = 6.51, = .01, = .04); and experimental condition, sex, assessment point, and media intervention ( = 3.23, = .01, = .02). With the exception of the control condition, female life satisfaction reports improved from baseline assessments to 18-months post-recruitment, whereas male reports decreased. Project iMPPACS was not designed with the intent on improving participants' life satisfaction. However, study results suggest incorporating strategies to address subjective well-being into future adolescent STI/HIV risk-reduction interventions is beneficial for females and additional research is necessary for males.

摘要

在性传播感染/艾滋病毒预防文献中,针对青少年性风险行为的研究已有充分记录;然而,干预措施对生活满意度的影响相对未被充分探索。本研究分析了一项随机、多地点、多层次的性传播感染/艾滋病毒预防干预试验(iMPAACS项目)中的数据(n = 1658),以确定与性传播感染/艾滋病毒相关的保护性增加和性风险行为减少是否也会提高自我报告的生活满意度。考虑到嵌套研究设计并控制混杂因素,进行了混合模型方差分析,在基线以及招募后3个月、6个月、12个月和18个月时分析总体平均生活满意度得分。使用0.05的显著性水平来确定显著性,并用于评估效应大小。我们假设,随着干预参与者参与与增加保护行为和减少与性传播感染/艾滋病毒相关的性风险行为相关的有意活动,生活满意度报告在干预过程中也会有所改善。检测到性别有显著的主效应(F = 5.19,p = .02,η² = .03),以及三个交互作用:实验条件与媒体干预之间(F = 7.96,p = .005,η² = .04);实验条件、性别和媒体干预之间(F = 6.51,p = .01,η² = .04);以及实验条件、性别、评估点和媒体干预之间(F = 3.23,p = .01,η² = .02)。除了对照组外,女性的生活满意度报告从基线评估到招募后18个月有所改善,而男性的报告则下降。iMPPACS项目并非旨在提高参与者的生活满意度。然而,研究结果表明,将解决主观幸福感的策略纳入未来青少年性传播感染/艾滋病毒风险降低干预措施对女性有益,对男性则需要进一步研究。

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