Adolescent Risk Communication Institute, Annenberg Public Policy Center, University of Pennsylvania, 202 S. 36th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2010 Jul;47(1):12-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.12.024. Epub 2010 Mar 6.
To examine the effect of a community-based sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening program on sexual risk behavior among African American adolescents. We hypothesized that adolescents testing positive for an STI and receiving post-test counseling would reduce risky sexual practices, whereas STI-negative adolescents would show little or no change in protective sexual behavior after screening.
From August 2006 to January 2008, we recruited 636 sexually active African American adolescents (age, 14-17) from community-based organizations in two mid-sized U.S. cities with high STI prevalence. Participants were screened for three STIs (gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis) and completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview. Youth who tested positive for an STI (6.6%) received treatment and counseling. Youth testing negative received no further intervention. Approximately 85% of participants completed 3- and 6-month follow-up assessments. Generalized estimating equations determined the effects of STI screening on adolescents' number of sexual partners and occurrence of unprotected sex.
Adolescents who tested positive for an STI reduced their number of vaginal and oral sex partners and the probability of unprotected sex. STI-negative adolescents demonstrated no change for numbers of partners or unprotected sex.
Community-based STI screening can help to reduce sexual risk behavior in youth who test positive for STIs. Alternative approaches will be needed to reduce risk behavior in youth who test negative but who are nevertheless at risk for acquiring an STI.
研究社区为基础的性传播感染（STI）筛查计划对非裔美国青少年性风险行为的影响。我们假设，感染 STI 并接受检测后咨询的青少年会减少高危性行为，而 STI 阴性的青少年在筛查后其保护性行为可能几乎没有变化或没有变化。
2006 年 8 月至 2008 年 1 月，我们从美国两个中大城市的社区组织招募了 636 名性活跃的非裔美国青少年（年龄 14-17 岁），这些城市 STI 流行率较高。参与者接受了三种 STI（淋病、衣原体和滴虫病）的筛查，并完成了音频计算机辅助自我访谈。感染 STI 的青少年（6.6%）接受了治疗和咨询。STI 阴性的青少年没有接受进一步的干预。大约 85%的参与者完成了 3 个月和 6 个月的随访评估。广义估计方程确定了 STI 筛查对青少年性伴侣数量和无保护性行为发生的影响。
感染 STI 的青少年减少了阴道和口腔性行为的伴侣数量，以及无保护性行为的发生概率。STI 阴性的青少年在性伴侣数量或无保护性行为方面没有变化。
社区为基础的 STI 筛查可以帮助减少感染 STI 的青少年的性风险行为。对于那些检测结果为阴性但仍有感染 STI 风险的青少年，需要采取替代方法来减少风险行为。
