Dr Mukti Mahamud, Assistant Professor, Surgery, Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Jamalpur, Bangladesh E-mail:
Mymensingh Med J. 2021 Apr;30(2):395-401.
Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide, but due to its poor prognosis, it is the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The incidence of carcinoma of gastric cardia is found to be increasing, while that of the antrum is seen to be decreasing. Data from Bangladesh is lacking on this aspect. The objective of this study was to understand the trends of frequency and localization of gastric cancers arising from the gastric cardia, body and antrum of the stomach in population of Bangladesh, which may enable us to identify important high risk populations, prevention strategies, and ultimately best treatment strategies. This cross sectional descriptive hospital record based study was conducted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during the period of June 2010 to January 2011. Data were collected from hospital records of 112 cases with carcinoma of stomach, confirmed by histopathology, admitted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during January 2007 to June 2010. Data collection, compilation, statistical analyses were performed manually. In this study 54.46% cases are in the age group of 50-60 year, mean age was 57.23 year and standard deviation was 57.37 and the second highest (31.25%) was in the age group of 61-70 year. Incidence of gastric carcinoma predominates in male. In this study 81(72.32%) patients were male and 31(27.68%) patients were female. Male to female ratio is 2.61:1. Majority 80(71.43%) of patients were smoker and 32(28.57%) patients were nonsmoker. Majority of the patients 90(80.36%) came from lower socioeconomic group, 19(16.96%) patients were from middle socioeconomic group and 3(2.68%) patients were from high socio-economic group. There is a link between diet and carcinoma stomach, suggested in various study. Here, 112(100%) took carbohydrate as the staple food. Salt preserved dried fish also was present in a significant number of patients 100(89.29%). Vegetables and fresh fruits were taken by 80(71.42%) patients. Antral region was involved in 65(58.03%) cases. In 28(25%) cases the lesion was in the body of the stomach. Cardiac end of the stomach was involved in only 19(16.97%) cases. Following histopathology, poorly differentiated carcinoma was found in 68(60.71%) patients well differentiated carcinoma in 24(21.43%) and moderately differentiated carcinoma in 20(17.86%) patients. This study found that stomach cancer in Bangladesh showed characteristics which are similar to other nations. As carcinoma stomach is one of the important causes of cancer mortality, and as there is no population based study in our country, further study needed and therefore it remains a major public health concern in need of prevention strategies.
胃癌是全球第四大常见癌症，但由于其预后较差，是全球第二大癌症死亡原因。贲门癌的发病率呈上升趋势，而胃窦癌的发病率则呈下降趋势。孟加拉国在这方面的数据尚缺乏。本研究的目的是了解孟加拉国人群中源于胃贲门、胃体和胃窦的胃癌的频率和定位趋势，这可能使我们能够确定重要的高危人群、预防策略，并最终制定最佳治疗策略。本研究为 2010 年 6 月至 2011 年 1 月期间在孟加拉国迈门辛医科大学医院进行的一项基于横断面描述性医院记录的研究。数据来自 2007 年 1 月至 2010 年 6 月期间在迈门辛医科大学医院住院的 112 例经组织病理学证实的胃癌患者的医院记录。数据收集、编译和统计分析均采用人工方法进行。在这项研究中，54.46%的病例年龄在 50-60 岁之间，平均年龄为 57.23 岁，标准差为 57.37，第二高（31.25%）的年龄组为 61-70 岁。胃癌的发病率在男性中较高。在这项研究中，81 名（72.32%）患者为男性，31 名（27.68%）患者为女性。男女比例为 2.61:1。大多数（80.36%）患者为吸烟者，32 名（28.57%）患者为不吸烟者。大多数（80.36%）患者来自较低的社会经济群体，19 名（16.96%）患者来自中等社会经济群体，3 名（2.68%）患者来自高社会经济群体。有研究表明，饮食与胃癌之间存在关联。在本研究中，112 名（100%）患者以碳水化合物为主食。腌制咸鱼也存在于大量患者中（100%）。80 名（71.42%）患者食用蔬菜和新鲜水果。65 名（58.03%）患者的病变位于胃窦。28 名（25%）患者的病变位于胃体。只有 19 名（16.97%）患者的贲门末端受累。根据组织病理学检查，发现低分化癌 68 例（60.71%），高分化癌 24 例（21.43%），中分化癌 20 例（17.86%）。本研究发现，孟加拉国的胃癌具有与其他国家相似的特征。由于胃癌是癌症死亡的重要原因之一，而且我国没有基于人群的研究，因此需要进一步研究，因此它仍然是一个需要预防策略的主要公共卫生问题。
