Virus and Emerging Diseases -VIREM, Department of Microbiology, College of Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
Currently at Public Health Secretariat, Caquetá, Colombia.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2021 Jul;15(4):521-528. doi: 10.1111/irv.12833. Epub 2021 Apr 8.
Colombia's climatological variety, added to pathogen diversity, creates local niches for infectious diseases. In Bogotá, respiratory syncytial virus causes 30%-52% of the cases of respiratory infections. In coastal or inter-Andean cities with higher temperature and longer dry seasons, frequency of this virus is 7%-13%. By 2017, increased hospitalizations due to airway infections occurred in regions whose weather is differently influenced by "El Niño Southern Oscillation" than in Bogotá, although microbial diversity might have also been involved.
For Cali, an inter-Andean city with warm tropical weather, records of respiratory syncytial virus from 2014 to 2018, in children two years old or younger, were analyzed, and genotypes transmitted during 2016-2017 were identified based on partial sequences of glycoprotein G.
Most cases of respiratory syncytial virus in Cali occur in the first semesters, with peaks expressed around March-April, without a clear association with pluviosity. Unlike the biannual rotating pattern of Bogotá, co-circulation of types A and B was detected. As years pass, transmission seasons are becoming longer and frequencies of the virus augment. The viral genotypes identified follow international trends with dominance of Ontario and Buenos Aires clades. Similar to other isolates in these clades, viruses from Cali exhibit glycosylation variability that may account for their fitness.
The pattern of respiratory syncytial virus transmission in Cali differs from that in Bogotá. Its epidemiology is shifting and will remain so with the advent of novel respiratory diseases. This may impact the introduction of vaccination schemes for these or other respiratory viruses.
哥伦比亚的气候多样性，加上病原体的多样性，为传染病创造了当地的小生境。在波哥大，呼吸道合胞病毒导致 30%-52%的呼吸道感染病例。在沿海或安第斯山脉之间的城市，气温较高，旱季较长，这种病毒的频率为 7%-13%。到 2017 年，由于呼吸道感染而导致住院人数增加的地区，其天气受到“厄尔尼诺南方涛动”的影响与波哥大不同，尽管微生物多样性也可能参与其中。
对于卡利，一个气候温暖的热带内陆城市，对 2014 年至 2018 年期间 2 岁以下儿童的呼吸道合胞病毒记录进行了分析，并根据糖蛋白 G 的部分序列鉴定了 2016-2017 年期间传播的基因型。
卡利的大多数呼吸道合胞病毒病例发生在第一学期，3 月至 4 月出现高峰，与降雨量无明显关联。与波哥大的双年旋转模式不同，检测到 A 型和 B 型的共同循环。随着时间的推移，传播季节变得更长，病毒的频率也在增加。鉴定的病毒基因型符合国际趋势，安大略和布宜诺斯艾利斯分支占据主导地位。与这些分支中的其他分离株相似，来自卡利的病毒表现出糖基化的可变性，这可能是它们适应性的原因。
卡利的呼吸道合胞病毒传播模式与波哥大不同。其流行病学正在发生变化，随着新型呼吸道疾病的出现，这种情况将继续下去。这可能会影响这些或其他呼吸道病毒疫苗接种计划的引入。
