Rodgers Gregory B
Directorate for Economic Analysis, United States Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Inj Prev. 2022 Feb;28(1):43-48. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-044115. Epub 2021 Apr 8.
To evaluate the impact of the voluntary safety standard for liquid laundry packets on the rate of child exposures reported to Poison Control Centers in the US.
The analysis was based on an interrupted time series design. The voluntary safety standard for laundry packets was published at the end of 2015. Data on reported liquid laundry packet exposures involving children under age 6 years were collected for the July 2012 through December 2017 study period. A negative binomial multiple regression model for rate data was used to quantify the impact of the voluntary standard on (1) the rate of total reported exposures and (2) the rate of reported exposures that were medically treated. The analysis controlled for laundry packet sales, time trends and seasonal variations in reported exposures.
The voluntary safety standard was associated with a 28.6% reduction in the rate of total reported exposures and a 36.8% reduction in the rate of medically treated exposures. The analysis also provides some evidence that these estimated reductions may underestimate overall reductions in the rate of reported exposures if pre-standard packaging improvements and possible caregiver behavioural responses to laundry packet hazard warnings are considered.
The analysis suggests that the requirements of the voluntary standard have effectively reduced the rate of injury involving liquid laundry packets.
评估液体洗衣凝珠自愿性安全标准对美国向中毒控制中心报告的儿童接触率的影响。
该分析基于中断时间序列设计。洗衣凝珠自愿性安全标准于2015年底发布。收集了2012年7月至2017年12月研究期间报告的涉及6岁以下儿童的液体洗衣凝珠接触数据。使用针对率数据的负二项式多元回归模型来量化自愿性标准对（1）报告的总接触率和（2）接受医学治疗的报告接触率的影响。该分析控制了洗衣凝珠销量、时间趋势以及报告接触的季节性变化。
自愿性安全标准与报告的总接触率降低28.6%以及接受医学治疗的接触率降低36.8%相关。该分析还提供了一些证据表明，如果考虑标准前包装的改进以及护理人员对洗衣凝珠危险警告可能的行为反应，这些估计的降低幅度可能低估了报告接触率的总体降低幅度。
该分析表明自愿性标准的要求有效降低了涉及液体洗衣凝珠的受伤率。
