Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Biomed Res Int. 2021 Mar 20;2021:9385293. doi: 10.1155/2021/9385293. eCollection 2021.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of presenile cataract and compare that to ten years ago in southern Taiwan.
The subjects who received cataract surgeries aged 30 to 54 years were recruited in Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital during September 2015 and August 2016. Patients with uveitis or those who received combined cataract surgeries were excluded. Retrospective chart review was performed in this study.
A total number of 2439 cataract surgeries were performed, and 302 (12.38%) eyes were having presenile cataract. Mean age was 47.55 ± 5.64 years old, and mean axial length was 26.00 ± 2.89 mm. Among 302 presenile cataract eyes, the leading cause was high myopia (defined as mean axial length ≥ 26 mm, 47.02%), followed by diabetes mellitus (26.82%). In types of lens opacity analysis, 67.55% of the patients were nuclear sclerosis dominant. Compared to the previous study 10 years ago, the leading cause of presenile cataract changed from idiopathy to high myopia, whereas the lens opacity types changed from posterior subcapsular opacity dominant to nuclear sclerosis dominant.
High myopia has become the most important clinical characteristic associated with presenile cataract in a myopia epidemic area, and the most common type of lens opacity was nuclear sclerosis. With the increasing prevalence of high myopia, we should pay more attention to the management of presenile cataracts in high myopes to avoid complications.
本研究旨在探讨早发性白内障的临床特征，并与 10 年前台湾南部的情况进行比较。
本研究招募了 2015 年 9 月至 2016 年 8 月在高雄长庚纪念医院接受白内障手术的 30 至 54 岁患者。排除患有葡萄膜炎或接受联合白内障手术的患者。本研究采用回顾性病历回顾。
共进行了 2439 例白内障手术，其中 302 只眼（12.38%）患有早发性白内障。平均年龄为 47.55 ± 5.64 岁，平均眼轴长度为 26.00 ± 2.89mm。在 302 只早发性白内障眼中，主要病因是高度近视（定义为平均眼轴长度≥26mm，占 47.02%），其次是糖尿病（26.82%）。在晶状体混浊类型分析中，67.55%的患者以核性硬化为主。与 10 年前的先前研究相比，早发性白内障的主要病因已从特发性转变为高度近视，而晶状体混浊类型已从后囊下混浊为主转变为核性硬化为主。
在近视流行地区，高度近视已成为与早发性白内障相关的最重要的临床特征，最常见的晶状体混浊类型为核性硬化。随着高度近视患病率的增加，我们应更加关注高度近视患者早发性白内障的管理，以避免并发症。
